农户种植行为与农产品质量安全：从粗放到标准——水稻为例

Rice is the most important species of crops, but its quality and safety issues have broken out frequently within its production increasing continuously, farmland pollution is the main reason, however, farmland is the environment rice live in, various examples have illustrated that rice land had suffered different pollution in our country, and to some extent it has threatened rice quality and safety in China. Our study is to discuss the possible methods, ways and measures of guiding peasant households from extensive planting to scientific and standard planting under the premise of guaranting their income increasing, and to realize the goal that ensure the safety of agricultural products in quantity and quality. The subject evaluates the present safety situations of rice planting and its factors firstly; then analyses the motivations and behaviors of farmers’ rice planting and their causes; further analysis of the influence to the quality and safety of agricultural products of extensive elements (pesticide and fertilizer) investment; and under the premise of ensuring farmers’ income, discusses whether the transformation of planting mode will reduce their income and efficiency or not; research whether strengthen policy and subsidies, the way of guiding to the standardization planting will be helpful to ensure the quality and safety or not, at the same time to provide useful suggestions to combine the safety of quantity with quality for the relevant departments. The theory and practice of the subject are both at the forefront, it’s woth of further study.

水稻是我国最重要的粮食品种，但在产量连续增长的同时却伴随着质量安全问题的频频爆发，农田污染是其主要诱因，而农田却是水稻赖以生长的环境，种种事例说明我国水稻农田已经遭受了不同程度的污染，这在一定程度上威胁到我国水稻质量安全。本研究在保障农户收入增长的前提条件下，探讨引导农户从粗放式转向科学、安全的标准化生产的可能方法、途径和措施，实现农产品种植数量、质量效益并重目标。本课题首先评估中国水稻生产安全性现状及其影响因素；然后分析农户水稻种植动机、行为及其诱因；进一步分析农户要素（化肥、农药）投入的粗放式对农产品质量安全的影响；并在保障农户收入的前提下，分析农户生产方式的转变会否降低农户收入与种植效率；分析加大政策和补贴力度、技术引导标准化生产方式等途径和措施能否有利于保障质量安全，并为相关政府部门在保障农产品数量安全的前提下如何确保质量安全提供有效建议。本课题的理论与实践处于前沿，值得深入研究。

水稻是我国最重要的粮食品种，但在产量连续增长的同时却伴随着质量安全问题的频频爆发，农田污染是其主要诱因，而农田却是水稻赖以生长的环境，种种事例说明我国水稻农田已经遭受了不同程度的污染，这在一定程度上威胁到我国水稻质量安全。本研究在保障农户收入增长的前提条件下，探讨引导农户从粗放式转向科学、安全的标准化生产的可能方法、途径和措施，实现农产品种植数量、质量效益并重目标。本课题首先评估中国水稻生产安全性现状及其影响因素；然后分析农户水稻种植动机、行为及其诱因；进一步分析农户要素（化肥、农药）投入的粗放式对农产品质量安全的影响；并在保障农户收入的前提下，分析农户生产方式的转变会否降低农户收入与种植效率；分析加大政策和补贴力度、技术引导标准化生产方式等途径和措施能否有利于保障质量安全，并为相关政府部门在保障农产品数量安全的前提下如何确保质量安全提供有效建议。