溶剂-热诱导下纳米LLM-105界面熟化机制及冲击起爆性能研究

Nano explosive exhibit a lot of outstanding performances such as the high energy releasing rate and high sensitivity to high-pressure flyer stimulation, which attained practical application as the initiating explosive in slapper detonator weapon system. However, the ostwald ripening of nanoparticles easily occured under the stimulation from exoteric environment such as the solvent, heat, etc, which leading to the changes of initiation properties. For a long time, the restraining ostwald ripening of nano explosive particles in formulation application is an urgent problem needing to be overcome. Now, the basic theory on influences of ostwald ripening is not clear, and few works were known for the interfacial ripening mechanism and its effects on initiation properties. In this study, nano LLM-105 explosive is selected to investigate the ostwald ripening and structure evolution behaviors with the combination of experimental observation and theoretical simulation. Then, an ostwald ripening mechanism will be proposed based on the kinetic model, and its shock initiation current will also be investigated. From this research we can not only obtain the key driving force of ostwald ripening of nano explosive particles from surface physical and chemical properties, facilitating the understanding of ostwald ripening process, but also obtain the relationship between its microstructure and shock initiation current. These research results are of significance for restraining the ostwald ripening of nano explosive particles and retaining its reliability.

纳米炸药具有能量释放速率快，高压飞片刺激敏感等优点，在冲击片雷管等武器点火系统中已获实际应用，然而其在纳米制备、配方成型和贮存过程中易受外界环境如溶剂、热等因素诱导发生颗粒熟化（团聚和长大）而改变起爆性能。长期以来，抑制纳米炸药在配方应用中的颗粒熟化一直是该领域迫切需要解决的重要问题，当前影响纳米炸药熟化的基础理论尚不清晰，对其界面熟化机制及起爆性能影响更是鲜有研究。本项目以纳米LLM-105炸药为对象，结合在线实验观测和理论模拟，研究溶剂、热诱导下炸药颗粒结构演化行为，分析其界面熟化机制，建立纳米颗熟化动力学模型，并研究熟化炸药微结构对冲击起爆电流的影响。本项目研究内容不仅可以从表界面物理化学探明纳米颗粒熟化的本质驱动力，对揭示其熟化团聚及结构演化过程有重要意义，而且有望建立纳米炸药微结构与冲击起爆电流的构效关系，可为抑制纳米炸药颗粒熟化和保持其起爆可靠性提供科学依据和技术支撑。

纳米炸药具有能量释放速率快，高压飞片刺激敏感等优点，在冲击片雷管等武器点火系统中已获实际应用，然而其在纳米制备、配方成型和贮存过程中易受外界环境如溶剂、热等因素诱导发生颗粒熟化（团聚和长大）而改变起爆性能。长期以来，抑制纳米炸药在配方应用中的颗粒熟化一直是该领域迫切需要解决的重要问题，当前影响纳米炸药熟化的基础理论尚不清晰，对其界面熟化机制及起爆性能影响更是鲜有研究。本项目以纳米LLM-105炸药为对象，结合在线实验观测和理论模拟，研究溶剂、热诱导下炸药颗粒结构演化行为，分析其界面熟化机制，建立纳米颗熟化动力学模型，并研究熟化炸药微结构对冲击起爆性能的影响。本项目研究内容不仅可以从表界面物理化学探明纳米颗粒熟化的本质驱动力，对揭示其熟化团聚及结构演化过程有重要意义，而且有望建立纳米炸药微结构与冲击起爆性能的构效关系，可为抑制纳米炸药颗粒熟化和保持其起爆可靠性提供科学依据和技术支撑。