基于APD的高精度空间碎片激光测距系统探测器研究

As the number of satellites continues to increase, space debris is becoming an increasingly serious problem for near-Earth space activities and effective measures to mitigate it are important. Because of the characteristic of space debris, it is hard to improve the precision of orbit prediction significantly. So the importance is to enhance the detection capability of debris laser ranging system. The capacity of detector receiving the echo photon is an important index to measure the detection capability of the system，so improving the detector capability of receiving echo photons will effectively solve the problem of weak echo photon detection. It is of great significance to the implementation for space debris detection of diffuse reflection and related research. This project will be to solve the above problems, and develop a APD detector with high sensitivity, fast response speed, high quantum efficiency，and slow noise. Then the detector will be applied to the space debris laser ranging system, which has the ability of detecting weak echo photons.

随着各国航天活动的日益频繁，产生的空间碎片数量也越来越多，严重威胁在轨航天器的安全运行。所以，必须开展相应的空间碎片观测技术，以提高空间碎片的跟踪监视和分析预报能力，确保安全、持续地开发和利用空间资源。由于空间碎片的特点，大幅度提高轨道预报的精度难度很大，因此增大系统探测概率的重点在于提高系统探测能力。探测器件是空间碎片激光测距系统中的关键部分，是系统探测能力的重要体现，对回波探测起着关键性的作用。因此，使用高性能探测器，使探测器满足空间碎片激光测距系统的需要，提高地面接收系统探测回波的能力，成为实现空间碎片激光测距实验的重要途径。 本项目针对以上问题，研制灵敏度高、响应速度快、量子效率高、低噪声的APD探测器，并将该探测器应用于空间碎片激光测距系统，使其具有探测微弱回波光子的能力。

完成了基于APD的高精度空间碎片激光测距系统探测器的研究,根据空间碎片的特点,研究高精度探测器件以提高空间碎片激光测距系统的探测能力。研制的探测器具有灵敏度高、响应速度快、量子效率高、低噪声等一系列特点，且该探测器适用于空间碎片激光测距系统。本项目完成期间,撰写并发表学术论文8篇.