多孔材料相变储能与释放传递现象研究

Investigation of the fundamental mechanism of the transport phenomena of heat storage and release of phase-change materials in porous media not only has a significant importance in academics but also has intensive applications. The physical properties of the porous media play a critical role in the heat, mass and momentum transportation in phase change process of the phase-change material. The conjugation of heat conduction, convection and radiation either enhances or constrains the transport process and makes the process more complicated. .A novel heat storage and releasing equipment has been developed which is integrated with several energy storage units filled with low to medium melting point phase-change materials combined with heat transfer enhancing porous media. The scientific tops of the phase change transport phenomena in porous media filled with phase-change materials is based on this kind of applications. .Investigation of the energy storage capacity and rate and the dissipation rate of the phase-change energy storage units under various boundaries will be conducted in details. This investigation will has extensive applications not only in solar thermal utilizations (sterling solar generator system, solar dryer etc), but also in waste heat recovery, spacecraft thermal control, air heat pump etc. The project is also important for multi-discipline of thermophysics, material science, energy storage and others to create new technology and applications.

研究相变材料在多孔介质中的储能与释放过程热传递机理与现象，不仅能够帮助更好理解能量存储与传递机理和要素，而且具有广泛的应用前景和重要的学术意义。多孔材料的特性对相变过程的能量、动量和质量传递具有显著影响，且各种传热方式相互耦合，导致强化或抑制传热过程。本项目基于一种新型中低温相变储能-加热装置的应用背景，提出利用孔隙率适合的金属多孔材料强化传热过程，并与换热管和相变储能材料制成相变储能单元，多个单元集成储能加热装置。通过研究相变储能单元，设计不同的多孔材料结构和相变材料耦合，在各种边界条件下的储能容量、储能和释放速率，不仅在太阳光热综合利用领域（太阳能蓄能加热器、太阳能斯特林发电、太阳能干燥等）具有重要应用，而且在余热回收、空气源热泵、航天器热控等领域也具有重要意义。在学科建设方面，通过对多孔材料中相变能量储存与释放过程的研究，建立工程热物理、材料科学、储能技术等学科之间的跨领域交叉合作。

本项目以腔体式相变储能单元为研究对象，实验探究了相变材料在多孔介质中的储能与释放过程热传递现象与机理，并通过建立通用的数学物理模型和实验测试平台，采用数值模拟和实验研究手段，对储能单元的结构参数及运行工况进行优化，最终成功开发出一套新型、高效中低温相变储能加热装置，该装置广泛应用于中低温余热回收、太阳能光热利用、空气源热泵储能以及农业温室加热等领域。.关键词：相变材料；多孔材料；储能；强化传热过程；储能和释放速率