As one of most famous gold producer in the world, the Jiaodong gold deposits hold more than 4000 tons of gold and show distinct genesis from those of the other types of gold deposits worldwide, providing an excellent opportunity for Chinese geologists to study this unique and meaningful gold metallogeny. The Jiaodong gold deposits have been classified into a new genetic type (“Jiaodong-type”), which is associated with craton destruction. Although numerous studies have been done, the sources, the transportation-precipitation mechanisms and the preservation processes of the gold have not been well constrained. Especially for the transportation-precipitation mechanisms, the available studies show that the temperature and the salinity of the ore-forming fluids change little along the 0~4000m depth profile and gold mineralization still occurs at the depth of about -3000m. This arises a question that what are the essential physical-chemical factors controlling the gold precipitation? To answer this question, we plan to use the most advanced and/or newly developed in-situ analytical methods, such as the LA-ICP-MS analysis of fluid inclusion and sulfides and the SIMS analysis of sulfur isotopes, select the mineralization samples from drilling holes of representative gold deposits, to reveal the specific variations of elements and isotopic compositions associated with gold along the 0~3000m depth profiles. This would provide meaningful information about the transportation-precipitation mechanisms of the gold, and also be useful for further exploration in the deep.
作为世界著名的金矿集区,胶东金矿区赋存了超过4000吨金,其成因也不同于世界上其他类型的金矿,被认为是独特的“胶东型”或“克拉通破坏型”金矿,因此为中国金矿研究在国际上占领一席之地提供了不可多得的契机。目前胶东金矿的物质来源、迁移-沉淀机制和存储变化过程等问题还悬而未决或存在争议,特别是在迁移-沉淀机制方面,已有研究发现成矿流体温度和盐度在4000米垂向剖面上保持稳定,并且在-3000米以下仍然形成矿化,那么金沉淀成矿的物理化学障到底是什么?为回答该问题,本项研究拟采用当前最新、最先进的微区原位分析技术,如单个流体包裹体及硫化物微量元素LA-ICP-MS分析,S同位素SIMS分析等,选择胶东最具代表性的蚀变岩型和石英脉型金矿,开展钻孔岩芯0~3000米剖面金及相关元素-同位素变化过程的精细研究,最终为解答胶东金矿“运”和“储”的矿床学核心问题提供依据,也为研究区深部勘探找矿提供方向。
胶东地区赋存了超过4000吨金,巨量金的物质来源及迁移-沉淀机制等还存在争议,特别是垂向上的变化过程,目前了解得还不是很清楚。为解决上述问题,本研究利用当前先进的微区原位分析技术,包聚焦离子束-透射电镜(FIB-TEM)、激光剥蚀-(多接收)电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-(MC)-ICPMS)和二次离子探针(SIMS),结合扫描电镜(SEM)和电子探针(EPMA)等,选择胶西北地区代表性蚀变岩型(如三山岛、夏甸和姜家窑金矿)和石英脉型(如玲珑金矿)金矿,对其不同热液期次、不同深度的矿井和钻孔(特别是三山岛金矿4000米深钻)样品,开展矿石和脉石矿物(如银金矿、黄铁矿和石英)显微结构、元素和同位素(如S和O同位素)精细研究,系统揭示元素-同位素时空变化,制约成矿物质来源及成矿过程。研究结果表明,成矿物质(如Au、As和S)具有多来源性,除了常规的幔源相关来源,古元古代变质沉积地层可能同样提供了部分成矿物质,其贡献需要引起重视。在深度上,金成色和Bi具有从深部到浅部降低的趋势,指示温度是控制垂向上金沉淀的重要因素,Bi络合物在深部可能对Au和Ag的迁移具有一定的作用。在时间上,从早期到晚期,金成色逐渐减低、多金属硫化物沉淀加剧,可能受控于流体pH的升高。石英脉型矿化矿物相对自形并具韵律环带,而蚀变岩型矿化相对他形、多孔并含较多硅酸盐矿物包裹体,证实流体沸腾和水岩相互作用分别是导致石英脉型和蚀变岩型矿化的主要机制。粗粒金显示纳米金颗粒聚合现象,指示可见金/高品位金的形成与流体沸腾导致的纳米金快速成核、聚合有关。单个流体包裹体显微测温和LA-ICP-MS成分分析显示,成矿流体具有中高级变质流体的特征,结合热力学模拟及同位素特征,成矿流体可能初始来源于底侵下地壳基性堆晶岩在中高级变质条件下的脱水。上述结果为金矿成因提供了新模型,为胶东下一步寻找富矿提供了参考。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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