基于DEM的侧面地貌景观研究

In the past research about landform, we get so many theoretical and practical research results on geomorphology types, distribution and geomorphology mapping, etc. But we still lack to pay attachment of differentiation laws and morphology characteristics of landform on the project surface which is approximating perpendicular to horizontal view plan with the side viewpoints. All of this is because that we are mostly concentrating our attention on the landform's spatial plan geomorphology characteristics. With the basic theory of the Digital Terrain Analysis (DTA), this project firstly put forward the conception of the Side-Landform Landscape with DEM. And this project will construct the conception model of the Side-Landform Landscape with its basic definition，attributes, conditions and type partition. By these researches foundation, using the methods of landscape spatial pattern analysis of "patch-corridor-deposition-web" and taking DEM Data as major data sources, this project will define some quantitative analytical indices for the Side-Landform Landscape and will also implement their quantitative representation. Of course, this project will further construct an analytical indices system in order to extract the characteristics on the landform automatically. With the above theoretical exploring researches, this project will do some researches on the Scale Character and Sequential Character in order to construct a synthesis characteristics sequent of the Side-Landform Landscape. And this project can draw some new geomorphology analysis methods with analyzing the internal goemorphology connotation of this sequent. At last, we will get some new insights and come into being a new scientific theory on the natural landform. And it is also a new exploring and practice on the DTA research.

以往的地貌研究主要注重其空间平面形态及格局，尽管在类型、区划、制图等方面取得了丰富的成果，但忽略了地貌在与水平面近似垂直的侧视投影承载面（即侧面）上的分异规律与形态特征。本研究以数字地形分析基本理论为指导，首次提出侧面地貌景观的概念，通过其基本定义、基本属性、存在条件以及类型划分等基本问题，构建其概念模型。在此基础上，以DEM数据为主要信息源，结合景观生态学中"斑块-廊道-基质-网络"的景观格局分析方法，定义侧面地貌景观的特征量化分析指标，实现其量化表达，进一步建立其科学的指标分析体系，实现地貌景观特征的自动提取。结合前述理论探索成果，开展侧面地貌景观的尺度特征与序列特征的实验研究，构建侧面地貌景观特征的综合序列；通过分析该序列的地学内涵，凝练基于侧面地貌景观的地貌分析方法。本研究可以创新我们对于自然地貌的科学认识，也是数字地形分析领域的一次全新的探索与实践。

针对长期以来人们主要重视水平正射视角的地貌景观特征研究而较少思考侧面视角的地貌景观特征的客观现状，本课题借鉴生态学的相关理论方法开展了侧面地貌景观的科学探索。首先，本课题系统地探讨了侧面的概念与地学内涵，提出了侧面地貌景观的概念并界定了其基本特征。其次，本课题结合理论探索的成果系统地开展了侧面地貌景观的定量指标探索，结合粗集理论提出了径流节点特征信息指数，从2维和3维的角度分析了流域边界线的分形信息特征。再次，通过选择合适的、可以反映地貌景观垂直侧面特征的定量指标进行了湖南省地貌形态特征分类。本课题初步解决了侧面地貌景观的概念和定量描述指标等问题，共计发表或录用研究论文17篇；其中，SCI收录1篇，EI收录2篇，一级学报2篇。此外，课题组成员参加国内外学术活动12次。