多流制电力机车牵引传动系统设备复用技术及其供电制式切换过程暂态特性研究

Multi-system electrical locomotive is one-type of railway vehicle which can run under two and more traction system. A new-type traction drive system is proposed based on the "double" use of multi-winding traction transformer and converters in the multi-system electrical locomotive. The main research content includes as follows: (1) under DC traction system, the traction windings are used as DC filter reactor, a new method to calculate the filter inductance is proposed based on inductance matrix reduced-order algorithm, and composite short-circuit impedance is calculated by equivalent single-turn inductance matrix, then an optimized algorithm combining Taguchi and Rosenbrock algorithms is proposed to match optimally the impedance parameters of traction transformer with the system demand parameters; (2) the transient characteristics is research when the multi-system electrical locomotive switches its traction system from one type to another. The quasi-steady mathematical models are established under different traction systems respectively, then adopting equivalent Thevenin circuit, the mathematical models are established during the mutual switching process, furthermore combining the Laplace transform and its inverse transform, the voltage and current transient characteristics could be achieved under the condition of switching the traction power systems; (3) one-type novel demagnetizing method is researched based on the idea of 'double' use of apparatuses. The similar-oscillation of LC Plus Converter loop circuit is proposed to demagnetizing the DC bias when the traction system is switched from DC to AC, and the series filters is adopted to suppress the harmonics when the traction system is switched from AC to DC; (4) finally, the PSCAD simulating model and the comprehensive experimental platform are established, based on which the switching process is simulated and tested to verify the mathematical model correct, and to validate the mentioned methods feasible.

研究一种基于牵引变压器及变流器复用的多流制牵引传动系统技术方案；重点开展：(1) 在直流供电制式下，将牵引绕组用作直流滤波电抗器，提出一种基于电感矩阵降阶算法的直流滤波电感计算新方法，并结合复合短路阻抗计算方法，实现对牵引变压器阻抗参数与系统参数的最优匹配；(2) 牵引供电制式切换过程牵引传动系统的暂态特性的研究：分别建立交、直供电制式下系统的准稳态数学模型；并结合拉普拉斯变换与反变换，求得交、直流相互切换过程的电压和电流的变化特性；(3) 基于设备复用技术的去铁芯剩磁和谐波抑制方法研究：提出一种LC Plus AC/DC类振荡过程实现直流切换交流时对牵引变压器铁芯剩磁的去磁技术；提出一种串联LC实现交流切换直流时交流分量对直流牵引系统的影响；(4) 仿真与实验研究：建立多流制电力机车牵引传动系统的PSCAD仿真模型和实验平台，开展供电制式切换过程的仿真和实验研究，以验证技术方案的可行性。

随着通用性铁道运输市场不断扩大，能够在不同供电制式下运行的多流制电力机车逐渐在世界范围内发展和普及。多流制电力机车的研制和发展，也是实现我国不同区域轨道交通互联互通、提升我国电力机车制造企业核心竞争力的重要战略。本项目基于多流制电力机车的研究重点设备复用技术以及供电制式切换过程的暂态特性研究开展研究。为了提高多流制电力机车牵引传动系统的设备利用率，对牵引主变压器在交、直流牵引供电制式下分别充当变压器和直流滤波电感两种角色的复合短路阻抗和端口电感值进行研究，多流制式电力机车在供电制式切换可能出线过电压、过电流，因此本文对其进行了建模分析。为了抑制励磁涌流，对牵引变压器去磁方法进行了研究，并提出一直LC plus 变流器回路的去磁技术，该技术不增加额外设备的情况下，能够有效对变压器进行去磁。综上所述，本项目研究内容为多流制电力机车牵引传动系统的运行、设备选型提供了依据，为后续多流制电力机车的发展打下了坚实的基础，所提出的方法具有很好的工程价值。项目资助发表论文14篇。培养博士研究生2名，硕士研究生8名，其中4名硕士研究生已经毕业，其它的在读。项目投入经费85万，支出56.0594万，各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费28.9406万元。剩余经费计划用于本项目后续支出。