临近空间全电推进用高效高功率密度电机系统的基础研究

The full-electric propulsion system with high performance motor is one of the key technologies of near space aircraft. The research on the propulsion motor system used in the near space environment has just started in China, and the basic theory system is not perfect, which needs to be solved urgently. For the application in near space electric propulsion system, this project would carry out the research on the basic theory of double-sided Halbach array slotless ironless permanent magnet synchronous motor system with high efficiency, high power density, and fault-tolerant ability. The power-efficiency-power density coupling relation model of the motor system would be established, and the multi-objective optimization design theory of the motor system in the near space environment could be improved. The application method of SiC device in large power motor propulsion system would be explored. The optimum design method and process technology of this kind of motor system would be formed. Study on the heat transfer- dissipation law of motors under near space environment and complete the intensive cooling structure design of motor system under the environment. Develop system prototype and conduct performance test. Finally, the design and control method of the motor-propeller propulsion system with wide-high efficiency is formed, which provides the necessary theoretical and technical support for the application of the full electric propulsion system in the near space vehicle.

以高性能电机为核心的全电推进系统是临近空间飞行器关键技术之一。我国临近空间环境下使用的推进电机系统研究刚刚起步，基础理论体系不完善，亟待解决。本项目面向临近空间全电推进系统实际应用的背景需求，开展兼具高效率、高功率密度、容错能力的双边Halbach阵列无槽无铁芯永磁同步电机系统的基础理论与试验研究。建立该类电机系统的功率-效率-功率密度耦合关系模型，完善临近空间环境下电机系统多目标平衡优化设计理论。探索SiC器件在大功率电机推进系统中的应用方法，形成此类电机系统优化设计方法和加工工艺。掌握临近空间环境下电机系统生热-传热-散热规律，建立准确的临近空间环境下电机温升计算模型，优化设计临空环境下电机系统的强化散热结构。研制系统样机并进行性能测试，最终形成宽高效率区运行的电机-螺旋桨推进系统设计与控制方法，为全电推进系统在临近空间飞行器的工程应用提供必要的理论与技术支撑。

兼具高效率高功率密度性能的推进电机是临近空间飞行器全电推进系统的核心关键技术之一。我国临近空间环境下使用的推进电机系统研究刚刚起步，基础理论体系和设计方法不完善，亟待解决。本项目面向临近空间全电推进系统实际应用的背景需求，开展兼具高效率、高功率密度的永磁同步电机系统的基础理论与试验研究。建立了该类电机系统的效率-功率密度耦合关系解析模型，完善了临近空间环境下电机系统多目标平衡优化设计方法。探索研究了宽禁带SiC功率器件在临近空间环境下大功率电机推进系统中的应用方法，建立了SiC功率器件在临近空间环境下的精确损耗计算模型，形成此类电机驱动器的优化设计方法。在此基础上，提出了最大效率电流比控制策略和电机螺旋桨匹配控制方法，提升电机螺旋桨的系统效率特性。研究掌握了临近空间环境下电机系统生热-传热-散热规律，创新提出了电机定子绕组与热管一体化集成散热结构，建立了准确的临近空间环境下电机温升计算模型，通过仿真分析和试验验证了基于热管的强化散热结构的有效性。研制系统样机并进行性能测试，最终形成了宽高效率区运行的电机-螺旋桨推进系统设计与控制方法，为全电推进系统在临近空间飞行器的工程应用提供必要的理论与技术支撑。研究成果已经在我国平流层飞艇、高空太阳能无人机平台开展应用基础研究，为进一步工程应用奠定了坚实基础。