弹性微电网的恢复力评估理论与主动提升策略研究

Resilient microgrid construction is an important approach to improving the reliability and security of power supply system, and has achieved much concern around the world. However, due to the inherent multidimensional and multi-scale spatiotemporal characteristics, variable topologies and complex disturbance evolution mechanism, the resilience of resilient microgrid is difficult to be improved, thus a series of key theoretical and technical problems need to be solved urgently. Firstly, this project aims to reveal the key connotations and concepts of resilient microgrid, and construct the comprehensive evaluation indexes and theories based on information entropy to provide a theoretical basis for the disturbance resistance, adaptation and recovery. And then, the time-varying characteristics and propagation mechanism of all kinds of disturbance will be analyzed in depth, the identification database of disturbance will be established, and the optimal strategy based on the disturbance defense theory will be put forward. Afterwards, a novel approach to disturbance distribution and common response of source-grid-loads-storage integration will be proposed, and a disturbance response control strategy base on virtual synchronous machine cluster integration will be designed. In addition, the technologies of disturbance recovery and gray-start strategy based on Multi-Agent System will be studied. Finally, the simulation and experimental platforms will be developed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed theories and technologies. This proposal is the frontier research involved in multi-discipline of Electrical Engineering, Control Theory, and Computer Science and so on. The expected results of this project can not only provide important theories for resilient microgrid technique and develop the independent intellectual property rights, but also has important practical significance to promote the application of resilient microgrid.

构建弹性微电网是提高供电可靠性与安全性的重要途径，备受世界各国关注。然而，因微电网固有的多维多尺度时空特性、可变网络拓扑结构、复杂扰动演变机理等特征，使其恢复力的提升极具挑战性，所涉及的一系列关键理论和技术问题亟待解决。本项目拟首先揭示弹性微电网中关键概念的内涵，构建综合评价指标体系与基于信息熵的评估理论方法，为扰动抵御、适应、恢复等提供理论基础；然后深入分析各类扰动的时变特征及传播机理，建立扰动辨识数据库，提出基于扰动对弈防御理论的最优抵御策略；提出源-网-荷-储一体化的扰动分配与共同响应的新思路，设计基于虚拟同步电机集群的一体化扰动响应协调控制方法；研究基于多智能体的扰动恢复方法及“灰启动”策略；最后搭建仿真和实验平台验证新理论和新技术的有效性。本项目属电气工程、控制理论、计算机科学等多学科交叉前沿研究，对我国发展具有自主知识产权的弹性微电网并推动其应用具有重要的理论和现实意义。

构建弹性微电网是提高供电可靠性与安全性的重要途径，而国内外对其研究尚处于探索阶段，其所涉及的一系列关键科学和技术问题亟待解决。本项目紧密围绕项目原计划内容和目标开展工作，取得重要代表性成果包括.(1) 本项目在弹性微电网恢复力评价方面，深入研究微电网扰动的整体过程，明确扰动各阶段主要内涵，揭示微电网“半黑状态”特性，为研究扰动适应能力提供新思路。其次，构建综合多目标的恢复力评价指标体系，为提升微电网恢复力提供基础。.(2) 本项目在弹性微电网扰动辨识方面，综合考虑弹性微电网扰动多样性和时变性特点，提出基于卷积神经网络的实时扰动智能辨识方法，不仅能够在高噪声下实现扰动的快速智能精准辨识，还可以同时识别不同时间尺度上的复合电能质量扰动。.(3) 为提高微电网对扰动抵御和适应能力，本项目在硬件方面提出高电压质量的新型九电平逆变器拓扑。其次，针对几类典型微电网扰动，分别研究微电网变换器的共模电压抑制与容错控制、频率/功率瞬态控制等控制策略。.(4) 本项目将弹性理论引入到微电网母线频率的控制中，提出双模型预测控制频率自适应调节方法，以提升微电网抗扰能力。此外，提出多层虚拟电机协调控制策略，确保扰动过程中微电网安全可靠运行。针对多台变换器互励引发的环流问题，提出多矢量模型预测控制方案以实现环流抑制。.(5) 研究灰启动自恢复策略和变换器的启动协同控制方法，构建考虑电压、功率和时间等多约束条件的恢复模型，优化微电网故障恢复路径。提出快速混合软启动策略，精确限制电压电流在安全值，提升微电网扰动恢复能力。.(6) 设计本项目的弹性微电网仿真和实验平台，搭建包含扰动实时辨识样机、混合ISOP变换器实验样机、基于碳化硅的高效变换器实验样机的微电网系统，并将提出的弹性恢复力评估方法和扰动辨识方法、扰动响应和灰启动策略嵌入到实验平台进行实验验证并进行相应改进，以验证新理论和新技术的有效性。