活性屏等离子处理的碳纤维在微波作用下的吸收机制及界面结合行为

Under the impact or bullet wounds, crack, notch or other kind of damage will occur on weaponry. In order to meet the need for instant repair, microwave repair technique has emerged. This technology in itself is innovative which can meet the needs of emergency repairs quickly and efficiently. Whether the technology is reliable emergency and able to get a strong bond interface or not, it is need a systematic theoretical support.As “carbon fiber, microwave radiation and resin matrix” are the main factors for forming interface, the project aims to reveal microwave adsorption mechanism under the influence of complex parameters and obtain repair materials with excellent mechanical properties.In order to improve the interface bond of carbon fiber and resin, the active screen plasma nitriding technology will be used to the surface treatment of fiber. For meeting the requirements of uniform processing by plasma discharge, the design of active screen will be adjusted. Based on the particularity of microwave radiation, the relationship of surface physical, chemical and microwave properties of carbon fiber will be explored. Combined with modeling and simulation of microwave curing process, the evaluation mechanism of interface formation will be clarified. Thus it can deepen the cognition of interface formation under microwave condition.The project shows the muti-subjects of surface engineering science, polymer composite science and microwave science, as to enhance the basic technical supports for the application of “ microwave fast repairing technology”.

武器装备在撞击、弹伤等情况下，会发生裂纹、缺口等破坏，为了满足受损部位修补材料形状不确定性、修补即时性的需要，“微波快速修复技术”应运而生。这项新技术是否应急可靠，是否能够获得牢固的粘接界面，需要扎实的理论支撑。本项目围绕“碳纤维、微波辐射、树脂基体”寻找规律，目标是揭示微波吸收多因素参量交互条件下的微波作用机制，获得宏观力学性能良好的修补材料。其中，针对碳纤维与树脂的粘结问题，采用活性屏等离子渗氮技术(ASPN)对碳纤维进行表面处理，针对ASPN处理等离子放电均匀的要求，改进活性屏的构造设计；针对微波辐射的特殊性，建立碳纤维表面物理化学性能和微波吸收特性的关联机制；结合微波固化过程建模仿真研究，探索复合材料界面相物理化学性能变化规律，加深对微波条件下界面相形成本质的认识。本项目研究体现表面工程学、聚合物基复合材料学、微波学的学科交叉，是推进“微波快速修复技术”实践应用的理论基础研究。

本项目的目标主要是为了解决碳纤维与树脂在微波作用下的结合问题，不仅为复合材料快速成型技术打下基础，同时为实现碳纤维复合材料吸波功能化与成型一体化技术提供参考依据。采用活性屏等离子体氮化方法（ASPN）对碳纤维表面进行处理，进而研究了碳纤维的表面结构组成对其复合材料微波损耗机制的影响。X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）表明，碳纤维经处理后表面Si-O含量明显降低，-NH2（-NH）大量形成。碳纤维电阻率测试及其复合材料的介电参数测试表明，复合材料的微波固化加热机制以极化损耗占主导。N含量提升，Si含量降低，引发碳纤维表面无序化程度的提高，是影响其复合材料微波损耗机制的重要原因。寻找技术应用转化方面，初步探索了不同图案超材料结构与活性屏处理的碳纤维复材共同服役下，材料的微波吸收性能。