冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩-支护结构协同作用力学响应及其可靠性研究

The support structures failure of soft rock roadway with rock burst are regarded as the article background. The test method of similar material model roadway is studied based on surrounding rock failure characteristics and supporting structures synergistic effect mechanical response in soft rock roadway. Furthermore, the article tightly arounds surrounding rock mass catastrophe mechanism and control technology of soft rock roadway with rock burst that are key scientific problems. The roadway surrounding rock fissures rupture evolution process is studied based on digital speckle technology and high-speed camera, et al. The surrounding rock rupture evolution law and the energy absorption properties and anti-impact properties of the support structures are revealed. The surrounding rock- support structures failure criterion of soft rock roadway with rock burst is derived based on the theory of viscoelastic plastic and energy dissipation. The support structures anti-impact mechanism in soft rock roadway with rock burst is revealed by the failure criterion. The failure main factors of support structure with rock burst are quantitatively analyzed in soft rock roadway; also, the failure tendency indexes systems of the surrounding rock and support structures are established. The surrounding rock- support structures nonlinear dynamic model of soft rock roadway with rock burst is established based on the support vector machine and reliability theory. It is used to evaluate the risk of the surrounding rock support structure with rock burst. This article provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for solving rock burst disaster of the deep mine.

以冲击地压下软岩巷道支护结构失稳破坏为背景，从巷道围岩破坏特征及支护结构协同作用力学响应出发，采用相似材料模型巷道试验，紧紧围绕冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩灾变机理及控制技术这一关键科学问题展开研究。借助数字散斑技术、高速摄像机等手段，研究模型巷道围岩裂隙破裂演化过程，揭示冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩破裂演化规律、支护结构吸能特性及防冲性能。基于黏弹塑性理论和能量耗散论推导冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩-支护结构失稳判据，揭示支护结构防冲机理。定量分析冲击地压下软岩巷道支护结构失稳主要因素，构建巷道围岩支护结构失稳倾向性指标体系。基于支持向量机-可靠度算法，建立冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩-支护结构非线性动力学模型，评估巷道围岩-支护结构失稳风险。本研究为解决深部矿井冲击地压灾害提供理论基础和实践指导。

以冲击地压下软岩巷道支护结构失稳破坏为背景，从巷道围岩破坏特征及支护结构协同作用力学响应出发，采用相似材料巷道试验，围绕冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩灾变机理及控制技术这一关键科学问题展开研究。研究结果表明：（1）透明类岩石在加载过程中，通过内部颜色的变化，可以分析裂纹扩展的演化过程，这实现的岩石内部裂纹演化的可视化。破坏模式与天然砂岩试样相似，表现为劈裂剪切混合破坏；裂纹经过试样内部破碎玻璃砂时直接穿过，经过未破碎玻璃砂时，沿玻璃砂边缘继续延伸。（2）锚固结构试件的最终脱粘失效模式为双界面混合脱粘失效模式，前半段以锚杆-锚固剂界面脱粘失效为主，后半段以岩体-锚固剂界面脱粘失效为主。（3）基于统计损伤本构模型，建立了鸟巢锚索黏结滑移模型。随着拉拔荷载的增加，锚固剂界面剪应力从荷载端开始呈指数增长至峰值，然后减小，最后稳定至残余强度。（4）分析碳纤维增强聚合物注浆结石体成分及其作用，揭示碳纤维增强聚合物微观结构作用机理。通过对切片裂隙面积的量化表征及分析，发现裂隙在扩展的过程中遇到砂砾时，多数情况发生绕砾扩展，极少数情况出现穿砾扩展，且主裂隙的分叉扩展多发生在水泥基体与砂砾的界面处。(5)试块冲击破坏时，裂纹均从中心萌生，沿加载方向向试块两端扩展，端部的楔形损伤区在第一个脉冲波结束后扩展。应变率24.8 s-1~33.2s-1时，试块破坏形态相似，劈裂破坏，中心有一条主裂纹；应变率为46.2 s-1时，试块破坏形态为长条形碎片，中心有两条主裂纹。(6)决策树模型较好地反映了冲击地压与微震特征参数之间的关系，建立决策树模型有效地评价冲击地压等级。定量分析冲击地压下软岩巷道支护结构失稳主要因素，构建巷道围岩支护结构失稳倾向性指标体系。（7）基于支持向量机-可靠度算法，建立冲击地压下软岩巷道围岩-支护结构非线性动力学模型，评估巷道围岩-支护结构失稳风险。