中国叶螨科分类学修订

The Tetranychidae (Trombidiformes) include species that are the most important plant-feeding mite pests of agriculture around the world. About 1,270species are known to feed on 3,877 different plants, of which 212 species occur in China fauna. This project is based on the situation that revisionary study of the family Tetranychidae was at a deadlock in China but advanced worldwide in last few decades. And the taxonomics of Tetranychidae has been paid much attention with economically species in recent years, while the classification system and the position of some higher taxa are still to be disputed. Based on our previous work, the project thereby aims at revising the position of the species and genera and proposing systematics for the group which are well expected. By combining ontogenetic and comparative morphology and phylogeny, this study project includes taxonomic questions by constructing and completing a species-group centered taxonomic system including the objective concept of genus; establishing the objective evolutionary relationship within genera and species groups in this family. This study also contains examining and designating of type specimens especially the holotype; collecting specimens and survey in hot spot; reexamining of synonyms; and supplementary description of larva and nymph. The present project, based on well basis of prepared research, attempts to deal with innovation in taxonomic theory and methodology for spider mite studies. The prospective achievements are significant in understanding the known species richness of the fauna and promoting the development of acarology in China.

叶螨科隶属于蜱螨亚纲绒螨目，是农林重要害螨。全世界记述1,270多种，中国记述212种。全世界范围内叶螨科分类学修订已全面开展，我国叶螨分类学研究在过去20年基本处于停滞状。本项目在丰富模式标本积累和优势研究基础上，结合个体发育形态学和比较形态学，全面开展我国叶螨属、种和分类系统的修订。包括模式标本的核查与指定、异名的厘定，幼、若螨的补充描述，重点地区的补充采集调查，新分类单元描记及文献引证信息的完善与核定。同时确立科内各阶元间较为客观的系统演化关系，建立属下以种团为中心的分类鉴定系统，完善鉴定体系。项目致力于我国叶螨分类核心科学问题，并开拓和完善新的研究方法和理论，通过项目实施，对于中国和世界叶螨科的分类和鉴定，以及系统进化动物学的研究具有重要意义。

叶螨为农作物主要害螨，本项目研究前我国近20年没有叶螨分类鉴定的研究。且我国叶螨亟待开展分类修订。.1）标本采集。.2015-2018年完成13省（直辖市、自治区）778号标本采集。标本采集省份：河北、北京、内蒙古、湖北、湖南、安徽、贵州、重庆、四川、海南、云南、广东、广西。.2）模式标本对比.核对了保存在国内外9单位叶螨模式标本保存单位，其中国内3家单位，国外7家单位。核对模式标本物种数380多种，占全世界已知种数的近1/3（全世界已知1200余种）。标本保存单位：贵州大学昆虫研究所标本馆；中国国家标本馆（中国科学院动物研究所）；南京农业大学标本馆；美国自然博物馆和斯密斯强森自然历史博物馆（两家蜱螨标本馆合并，保存于美国农业部贝兹维尔研究中心昆虫系统学实验室），美国俄亥俄州州立大学博物馆；澳大利亚昆士兰自然博物馆；新西兰节肢动物博物馆；巴西圣保罗大学标本馆；菲利宾大学标本馆。.3）、形态学研究.采用低温扫描电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、光学显微镜开展叶螨爪、爪间突、背毛序和形状、肛毛和肛侧毛数量、表皮纹路、气门沟形状、阳茎、足跗节双毛形态学研究。首次证实叶螨足I胫节具盅毛；口器具有3对喙毛。首次建立叶螨阳具3D模型。.4）、修订与描述.根据叶螨科各属存在分类问题，完成以下属分类修订：Bryobia Koch，Bryobiella Tuttle & Baker，Marainobia Meyer，Sinobryobia Ma & Yuan，Beerella Wainstein，Bryocopsis Meyer，Dolichonobia Meyer，Magdalena Baker，Peltanobia Meyer，Tetranycopsis Canestrini，Petrobia (Petrobia) Murray，Petrobia (Tetranychina) Banks，Aponychus Rimando，Eutetranychus Banks，Stylophoronychus Prasad，Mixonychus (Mixonychus) Ryke & Meyer，Mixonychus (Bakerina) Chaudhri，Mononychellus Wainstein, Oligonychus Berlese, Stigmaeopsis Banks, Sonotetr