炭基掺杂纳米金属氧化物制备及其光解典型全氟有机酸机制

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA ) are organic anion polluted compounds and typical perfluorinated organic acid, which are difficult to decompose and heavy toxic for human heath. This project intends to support the metal oxide nanoparticles on the carbon base doped with metals, metal ion and electron transfer medium, and develops the compound materials of metal oxide nanoparticles doped with other substances on the carbon base with a set of adsorption, photocatalytic and electron transfer functions to decompose PFOS or PFOA efficiently under the light. The relevance between its microstructure, material type, content, interfacial properties and the performance of photochemical decomposition of PFOS or PFOA are studied from microscopic field by orthogonal experiment to obtain the best preparation methods and the best process parameters; By comparing and analyzing its performances of PFOS or PFOA removal respectively in different influence factors or with the different combinations of materials on the carbon base in the same condition, by characterizing the materials before and after the reaction and by analyzing the middle and the last products, the pathway, fluorine removal and the mechanism of the photochemical decomposition of PFOS or PFOA are revealed about the different influence factors,each material and the compound materials; The stability and sustainable utilization of the compound materials are explored. The project provides theory support for efficient photochemical decomposition of PFOS or PFOA.

全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)为难降解的有机阴离子污染物,对人体健康具有很强毒性的典型全氟有机酸。本项目拟在炭基上负载纳米金属氧化物，掺杂金属单质、金属离子和电子转移介质，开发出集吸附、光催化及电子转移功能于一体的炭基掺杂纳米金属氧化物复合材料，来高效光降解PFOS或PFOA。通过正交试验从微观领域系统研究复合材料微结构、物质种类、成分含量和界面性质与其光降解PFOS或PFOA的性能关联性，获得其最佳制备方法和工艺参数；在相同条件下，对不同影响因素和炭基上不同物质组合的材料光降解PFOS或PFOA的性能进行比较分析，对反应前后材料进行表征，对中间产物及产物进行检测分析，揭示不同影响因素、每种物质和复合材料光降解PFOS或PFOA途径、脱氟机理和作用机制；对复合材料稳定性和持续利用性进行探索。该项目为炭基掺杂纳米金属氧化物高效光降解PFOS或PFOA的应用提供理论支撑。

全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)是难于生物降解典型全氟有机酸，是有机阴离子污染物，对人类健康具有毒性。本项目在炭基上负载催化和还原材料，如二氧化钛，纳米零价铁，羟基铁或钯类催化剂制备材料，并添加过硫酸钠在光催化或热催化作用下降解全氟有机酸进行初步研究。本研究还通过滤柱热制备纳米零价铁，并在滤柱中添加过硫酸钠在热和纳米零价铁激活作用下产生硫酸根自由基降解全氟有机酸，该项技术已申请相关专利，而且铁炭材料再掺杂二氧化钛光催化降解全氟有机酸专利已授权。通过本项目研究，发现炭基是金属氧化物和单质零价铁很好的载体，可协同金属氧化物和纳米零价铁去除全氟有机酸。该项目为其他有机物的降解技术和应用提供了技术支撑。 . 另本项目在对全氟研究开展的基础上，同时开展了炭基上负载的羟基铁对溴酸盐，高氯酸盐和砷酸根进行了系统而详细的研究，炭基上的羟基铁能催化还原溴酸盐，加速溴酸盐和活性炭的反应，对高氯酸盐和砷酸根能吸附去除，同时还发现溴酸根被炭基羟基铁去除的同时能促进高氯酸盐的吸附去除，该研究已取得相关成果和申请了几项专利。