滇南澜沧江流域蜻蜓区系研究及蜻蜓栖境指数(OHI)的环评应用

The Odonata (Drgonfly) is considered to be a relatively primitive group of aquatic insects. The larvae are widely distributed in various aquatic habitats, their survival is related to the factors such as water quality and water temperature, the adults are also affected by the water quality and surrounding environment, accordingly Odonata is used as the significant indicator of environmental quality and aquatic ecosystem. We specify Odonata from the Lancangjiang watershed in southern Yunnan as the subject of this research, and mainly focus on three aspects of study, 1) taxonomy research based on fresh specimens collected during the field works, to provide a complete species composition of the studied area; 2) study on the fauna, give a discussion on the geographic distribution model of each genus and species; 3) the OHI is calculated to assess the Odonata habitat based on data of population surveyed from field works. A discussing for applicability of the method in different fauna will be conducted. This research will provide theoretical support to biogeography and phylogeny, and lay the foundations for the further study on environmental conservation, biodiversity and conservation biology.

蜻蜓目(Odonata)昆虫是一类原始的水生昆虫，由于其稚虫广泛分布于淡水水域的各种生境，其生存受水质、水温等因素的影响，而成虫活动又与周边的水质状况及植被息息相关，因此是监测水域生态系统健康以及水环境质量的重要指示生物。本研究拟以滇南澜沧江流域的蜻蜓为对象开展关于蜻蜓区系和应用蜻蜓栖境指数(OHI)进行环境评价的研究，重点探讨1) 此区域蜻蜓目昆虫的物种组成，采集样本并进行细致的分类鉴定；2) 揭示该地区的蜻蜓区系成分，明确属级单元区系类型和种级地理分布类型；3) 进行种群动态监测，应用蜻蜓栖境指数(OHI)进行环境评价，并讨论该方法在不同地理区系的适用性。研究结果可以为开展生物地理学和系统发育等研究提供理论支持，并为进一步开展环境保护、生物多样性及保护生物学研究奠定基础。

本研究以滇南澜沧江流域的蜻蜓为对象开展关于蜻蜓区系和应用蜻蜓栖境指数(OHI)进行环境评价的研究。通过对云南澜沧江流域，包括西双版纳州、普洱市、德宏州和临沧市开展的细致野外工作，在设置的500余个样点内共采集6000余号有价值的蜻蜓标本，获得了10万余幅珍贵的蜻蜓生态照。研究过程对标本进行了细致的分类鉴定，并和多位国际专家开展了讨论，确定了大量的新属、新种和中国新记录种。此项研究共获得蜻蜓目昆虫300余种，大幅度提升了中国已知蜻蜓总数，揭示了澜沧江流域的蜻蜓区系，明确了多数属级单元区系类型和种级地理分布类型。在该流域开展了应用蜻蜓栖境指数(OHI)进行环境评价的研究，讨论了人为干扰对蜻蜓栖息地以及种群的影响。已发表分类学、区系研究报告5篇，已接受报告1篇。撰写论著2本，其中即将出版的《中国蜻蜓大图鉴》收录了中国蜻蜓800余种，包含几千幅生态照片，是目前关于中国蜻蜓最全面的分类学专著。