GmAP1a调控大豆开花期及株高的分子机制研究

Flowering time and plant height are the key agronomic traits that directly affects soybean yield. APETALA1 (AP1) transcription factors contain a conserved MADS domain, function as a class A gene of the ABC model for floral organ identity determination to specify outer whorls of floral organs petals and sepals. Previously, we found that knockout gmap1 mutants were able to delay flowering, increase node number and plant height. While, over-expression of GmAP1a was able to promote early flowering, reduce node number, plant height and yield in soybean. Which indicated that GmAP1a regulating soybean flowering and plant height. But the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we will screen specific proteins interacting with GmAP1a using Yeast-Two-Hybridization, and identify the downstream regulatory genes of GmAP1a via RNA-seq and ChIP-Seq, and other molecular biological methods to study the downstream regulatory networks of GmAP1a. These analysis will facilitate the understandings on molecular mechanisms of GmAP1a regulated soybean flowering and plant height. Consequently, we will be able not only to understand more deeply of the molecular mechanisms of soybean yield formation, but also to provide the theoretical base and important candidate genes for soybean molecular breeding towards to high yield.

开花期和株高是决定大豆产量的重要农艺性状。开花基因APETALA1(AP1)是MADS-box转录因子家族成员之一，在花发育的ABC模型中是A功能基因，具有决定花分生组织分化以及花瓣、萼片分化的生物学功能。申请人前期研究发现，敲除gmap1的大豆植株出现晚花、主茎节数及株高增加的表型，而过表达GmAP1a的大豆植株出现早花、主茎节数、株高及产量降低的表型，表明GmAP1a参与调控大豆开花期及株高，但是其下游分子调控机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究拟利用酵母双杂交技术筛选与GmAP1a互作的特异蛋白、RNA-seq表达谱鉴定GmAP1a下游的调控基因以及ChIP-Seq等分子生物学手段研究GmAP1a的下游调控网络，综合解析GmAP1a调控大豆开花期及株高的生物学功能，最终阐明GmAP1a控制开花期与株高的分子机理。本研究将加深对大豆产量性状形成分子机制的理解，同时为大豆高产分子育种提供理论依据。

开花期和株高是决定大豆产量的重要农艺性状。开花基因APETALA1(AP1)是MADS-box转录因子家族成员之一，在花发育的ABC模型中是A功能基因，具有决定花分生组织分化以及花瓣、萼片分化的生物学功能。申请人前期研究发现，敲除gmap1的大豆植株出现晚花、主茎节数及株高增加的表型，而过表达GmAP1a的大豆植株出现早花、主茎节数、株高及产量降低的表型，表明GmAP1a参与调控大豆开花期及株高，但是其下游分子调控机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究对该机制进行深入的研究。结果表明，GmAP1a定位于细胞核，并在生长点和花中表达，利用酵母双杂交技术筛选到与GmAP1a互作的特异蛋白SOC1、RT-PCR检测Dt1的表达量，发现Dt1的表达量在ap1四突变体中比在野生型中的高，瞬时转化和ChIP-qPCR实验结果表明GmAP1a对Dt1起抑制作用，本项目综合解析GmAP1a调控大豆开花期及株高的生物学功能，最终阐明GmAP1a控制开花期与株高的分子机理。本研究将加深对大豆产量性状形成分子机制的理解，同时为大豆高产分子育种提供理论依据。