多重因素对长江口渔业资源叠加影响效应研究

Fishery resources are constantly updating and changing biological resources, and the rational development and utilization of them will achieve economic, social and ecological benefits, and fulfill the purpose of sustainable use. However, due to the excessive exploitation and utilization by mankind, coupled with the deterioration of the ecological environment, many fishery resources have been damaged and in a serious recession..The Yangtze Estuary is of high productivity and rich in bait. It is an important spawning and nursery ground for many commercial fish species. Thus the Yangtze Estuary occupies an important position in Blue Economy, its fishery community structure and resources are widely concerned. In recent years, with the environmental changes and human activities, fisheries resources of the Yangtze Estuary seriously decline. .This project aims at the long-term change of the coastal fishery community in the estuary, and analyzes its response to habitat change, fishing activity and global warming. According to a long time series data of the Yangtze river estuary fishery resources and the environment, focus on global change and human activities on the estuarine fishery biological effect mechanism, to master the key driving factors of the Yangtze river estuary and adjacent sea fishery resources change, explore the impacts of the terrigenous input reduction, habitat loss, fishing activities, and global warming on the fishery resources in the Yangtze river estuary, quantitative the key driving factors of fishery resources change, analysis the elements in the role of the fishery biological community succession. This study has enriched the research contents of long-term mechanism of fishery resources in China, and provided important scientific basis for the protection of estuary fishery resources.

长江口是我国渔业生产力最高河口，随着人类活动的加剧，其渔业生物群落结构和资源量受到广泛关注。本项目针对河口近海渔业生物群落长期变化，解析其对生境变化、捕捞活动和全球变暖等的响应。依据长江口渔业资源和环境长时间序列数据，阐明长江口关键种群生态适应性，及其对渔业群落结构变动的贡献；探讨渔业资源捕捞活动对长江口渔业资源的影响程度；阐释长江口渔业生物对全球变暖的响应；解析多重因素对长江口渔业资源影响的叠加效应；量化渔业资源变动的关键驱动要素，解析各要素在其渔业生物群落演替中的作用。本研究丰富我国渔业资源长期变动机制研究内容，为河口渔业资源保护提供重要科学依据。

人类活动和全球气候影响下，中国近海渔业资源面临严重衰退的威胁。长江口是我国渔业生产力最高河口，随着人类活动的加剧，其渔业生物群落结构和资源量变动受到广泛关注。本项目解析渔业生物对生境变化、捕捞活动和全球变暖等的响应，依据长江口渔业资源和环境长时间序列数据，系统研究了渔业资源长期变动及其驱动要素，解析渔业资源关键种群适应和环境影响机制，量化渔业资源变动的关键驱动要素，解析各要素在其渔业生物群落演替中的作用；在全球变化视野下，预测未来气候场景下渔业资源未来分布趋势；多角度探讨渔业生物群落动态及其与环境因子关系，阐释多重因素叠加影响下渔业生物群落响应机制；研究成果显示，长江口鱼类分布和多样性受温度、盐度和悬浮物浓度影响，游泳无脊椎动物分布在溶解氧和水深驱动下变异，鱼类浮游生物受初级生产力和陆源输入营养物质驱动；过度捕捞影响长江口渔业种群生物量分布、生长特征和恢复力；全球变化导致鱼类生境改变，叠加渔业生物生态适应性，影响其生活史和分布特征；项目的实施丰富我国渔业资源长期变动机制研究成果，为河口渔业资源保护提供重要科学依据，提出渔业资源响应人类活动和全球气候变化的生态适应性机制，可拓展应用于中国近海渔业资源解析，为我国渔业资源的合理管理、利用与保护提供科学依据。