滤波天线及其阵列综合设计研究

To improve the overall performance of antennas and filters, a co-design approach is applied to realize the filtering antenna and filtering antenna array with compact size and high performance, which are significant to the theoretical research. Based on the traditional synthesis theory of the generalised Chebyshev filters, the relationship between the transfer function of generalised Chebyshev filter and the lossy and frequency coupled matrix is analyzed and derivated. The lossy and frequency coupled matrix of the specific topological structure is stably and effectively extracted through the in-depth study of the coupled matrix extraction method. By studying the lossy and frequency dependent coupling mechanism, emphatically designing new lossy and frequency dependent coupled structure, and researching new realizing method of the coupling coefficient for the lossy and frequency dependent coupled structure, novel compact and high performance filter and diplexer structures can be accurately designed. Based on the design of the new antenna and double-fed dual-band antenna structures and the accurate extraction of the quality factor (Q) of the antenna, the compact and high performance filtering antenna and diplexer filtering antennas are proposed by using the submatrix synthesis design method. Further, considering the phase and spatial distribution of the antenna array and the phase property of the coupling between the resonators, the simple topology of the filtering antenna array is designed based on the invstigation of the new electric and magnetic coupled structure. Through the in-depth investigation of the synthesis of the filter with finite Q resonators, the novel filtering antenna array is synthesized designed by using the submatrix synthesis design method.

从天线和滤波器的整体性能出发，一体化设计结构紧凑高性能滤波天线及其阵列具有重要的研究意义。本项目基于传统的广义Chebyshev滤波器综合理论，分析推导广义Chebyshev滤波器传输函数与有耗和频变耦合矩阵的关系，并对有耗和频变耦合矩阵的提取方法进行深入研究，从而能够稳定有效地提取特定拓扑结构对应的耦合矩阵。研究有耗和频变耦合机理，着重研究设计有耗和频变耦合的新结构，并探索实现有耗和频变耦合结构的耦合系数的新方法，设计新型的小型化高性能滤波器和双工器。研究设计新型的天线和双馈双频天线结构，并准确提取天线的Q值，在此基础上利用子耦合矩阵综合设计方法设计高性能滤波天线和双工滤波天线。考虑天线阵列相位和空间分布及谐振器间耦合相位性质，在对电和磁耦合结构实现进行深入研究的基础上，设计简单的滤波天线阵拓扑结构。进而研究有限谐振器Q值有耗滤波器综合，利用子耦合矩阵综合设计方法研制新型的滤波天线阵。

本项目基于传统的广义Chebyshev滤波器综合理论，分别分析推导了广义Chebyshev滤波器传输函数与频变（混合）耦合矩阵的关系，并对频变（混合）耦合矩阵的提取方法进行深入研究，给出了解析法和优化算法两种方法提取特定拓扑结构对应的耦合矩阵。研究频变/混合耦合机理，着重研究设计频变(混合)耦合的新结构，并给出了一种频变耦合系数提取的新方法。同时研究在源与负载之间引入频变耦合实现更多传输零点。在此基础上研制出了多款新型的小型化高性能单端和平衡滤波器、双工器以及带宽恒定的可调滤波器和平衡滤波器。. 无线通信系统对信息传递的大容量、高速率的要求促使了宽带滤波器和天线的发展。另一方面，为适应复杂多面的通信环境，进一步提高数据传输速率、提升频谱利用率，可重构天线和MIMO天线被国内外学者广泛探索和研究。此外，由于差分电路具有高线性度、高共模抑制、低噪声等特性，射频前端电路常采用差分技术。由差分信号直接激励的差分天线可以直接与差分电路连接，从而避免巴伦的使用，提升了系统的集成度和性能。因此，本项目从天线和滤波器的整体性能出发，将天线与滤波器进行一体化设计新型的宽带滤波天线，研制出了方向图可重构宽带滤波天线、具有高共模抑制的差分宽带滤波天线以及差分MIMO宽带滤波天线。