激光直写碳化木质素复合纤维膜及用于柔性微超级电容器的研究

The performance of electrode materials is one of the most important factors for supercapacitor. How to obtain high-performance electrode material with high specific capacitance, high energy and power density has attracted considerable attention and still is a huge challenge in this field of energy storage. To develop the novel and highly efficient energy/storage materials, in this project, due to the weak electrodes characteristics developed by laser direct writing, it is proposed to take lignin composite fiber film as the precursor material to prepare electrodes with high specific surface area. We will focus on the mechanism of laser induced carbon electrode and investigate their electrochemical properties and applications in all solid-state supercapacitors. In addition, MoS2 electrode material can improve the negative potential of the electrode. Investigate the relationship between Mos2-doped electrode structure and capacitance behavior, to obtain the flexible energy storage with high energy density. This project aims to establish a simple, efficient and fast method for the preparation of carbon matrix composite electrode materials by laser direct writing, then apply it to the electrode of high-performance flexible supercapacitor, which will provide certain theory and experimental evidences for the research on the development of high-performance flexible micro-energy storage devices by laser direct writing technology.

电极材料是决定超级电容器性能的最重要因素之一，如何寻找和开发具有高比电容、高能量及功率密度的电极材料是目前储能研究领域的热点和难点。本项目立足于新型高效能源储能材料的设计及制备技术，针对激光直写制备超级电容器中存在的诱导电极性能低等问题，提出以木质素复合纤维膜为前驱材料，利用激光直写技术制备高比表面积的碳基电极。系统地研究激光直写木质素基复合纤维膜诱导电极的机理与性能规律，并对柔性储能器件进行构建和组装。此外，二硫化钼电极材料的引入可提高电极的负电位，探究激光直写制备二硫化钼掺杂的电极构造与电容行为之间的规律，以期获得高能量密度的柔性储能。本项目旨在建立利用激光直写简单、高效、快速制备碳基复合电极材料的方法，并将其用于高性能柔性超级电容器的电极，为激光直写技术在开发高性能柔性储能器件研究提供一定的理论基础和技术积累。

电极材料是决定超级电容器性能的最重要因素之一，如何寻找和开发具有高比电容、高能量及功率密度的电极材料是目前储能研究领域的热点和难点。激光直写碳化技术为制造碳基电极提供了有力手段，但在作用机理与工艺、性能优化等方面仍存在许多问题和挑战。基于此，本项目以木质素复合纤维膜为前驱材料，研究了表面微纳米结构、孔径尺寸和材料物理化学性质与激光直写技术工艺的影响规律，设计并构建了多种平面叉指型和复式叉指型电极结构的柔性超级电容器，为高柔性固态超级电容器的制备提供了一种有效策略。进一步采用激光直写碳化技术，探索了新型碳材料的参数-结构-性能的可控加工，结合激光直写碳压阻效应的信号传感设计策略，设计并制备了高灵敏度木质素纸基应变传感；并提出利用选择性激光还原制备复合铜-木质素柔性电极，设计并制备了高效率光电探测器，为可穿戴设备柔性电子的制造与应用提供了理论依据和技术支持。