蓝莓花色苷对ELF-EMF的拮抗作用及机理研究

The potential impact of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure on occupational population and public health has brought great attention of the scientific researchers and become one of the research focuses. Research indicates that some certain adverse effect will occur by exposing to ELF-EMF for a long period, causing chronic neutron damage. Therefore, it is quite necessary to explore an effective endogenous measure to safeguard against it. Scholars from home and abroad has paid increasing attention to research of blueberry anthocyanins' protective effect on neutron due to its good anti-oxidation and free radical removal capability. This study is meant to investigate the preventive effect against ELF-EMF. The study was first carried out around stability of the structure and activity impact before and after the ELF-EMF exposure to blueberry anthocyanins, then by setting up a neurocognitive function damage model of mice caused by ELF-EMF exposure and cultivate in vitro a hippocampal neuron damage model to investigate the protective effect of blueberry anthocyanins on hippocampal neuron. Also start with oxidative stress,cell signalling and DNA damage to search the target of blueberry anthocyanins in order to illustrate its preventive and protective mechanism on hippocampal neuron. The study result will serve as a theoretical foundation for effective protection of ELF-EMF neuron damage and contribute to the further elaboration of the neuron protective effect mechanism of blueberry anthocyanins.

目前关于暴露于极低频电磁辐射（ELF-EMF）对职业人群和公众健康状况的潜在影响已成为科研人员关注和研究的一个重点。有研究表明，长期处于极低频电磁场会对神经系统产生一定的不良影响，造成慢性神经损伤，因此寻找有效的内源性措施对其进行防护非常必要。蓝莓花色苷具有良好的抗氧化、清除自由基能力，在神经保护作用方面的研究日益引起国内外学者的广泛关注。本项目旨在系统考察蓝莓花色苷对ELF-EMF辐射的预防作用。研究首先围绕蓝莓花色苷自身对ELF-EMF辐射的稳定性展开，然后建立ELF-EMF致大鼠神经认知功能损伤和体外培养海马神经元损伤模型，考察蓝莓花色苷对海马神经元的保护作用，并从氧化应激、信号传导及DNA损伤入手，寻找蓝莓花色苷的作用靶点，阐明其对海马神经元损伤的预防作用机理。研究结果将为有效防护ELF-EMF神经损伤提供理论基础，同时也将为蓝莓花色苷神经保护作用机制的进一步阐明做出贡献。

项目针对目前流行病学关注的热点问题—长期暴露于极低频电磁辐射（ELF-EMF）可能会对职业人群和公众造成神经损伤展开研究，在此基础上通过膳食营养，即蓝莓花色苷的摄入来预防其危害，并阐明其保护作用机理。研究结果表明：在场强0.3mT、4h/次、2次/天、连续辐射30d的条件下，ELF-EMF对大鼠神经认知功能造成损伤；通过供给蓝莓花色苷后，观察大鼠海马神经元形态变化、测定细胞凋亡率、线粒体电位膜、氧化还原酶活性、细胞内Ca2+浓度变化，推断蓝莓花色苷是通过调整细胞内相关酶活性抑制了海马神经元的氧化应激损伤；进一步通过Western Blot及Real-Time PCR检测影响细胞内SOD及GSH-Px的代谢因子，结果表明矢车菊色素-3-O-葡萄糖苷能够上调细胞核内NrF2及其所调控的HO-1、NQO1的蛋白和基因表达水平。综合上述研究得出如下结论：长期的ELF-EMF磁场辐射会对大鼠的海马神经元造成损伤，蓝莓花色苷的摄入可以有效拮抗该影响，其机制可能是通过激活影响氧化还原酶代谢的细胞因子NrF2从而实现了神经保护作用。通过该项目的完成，有力的提升了我国在蓝莓花色苷神经保护机制方面的理论水平，夯实了学科研究基础，同时亦为特殊环境下工作人员及公众提供有力的健康和膳食指导，具有很强的现实指导意义。