小尺度磁场的太阳周行为

The cyclic behavior of solar small-scale magnetic field is a leading study issue, and it is very important for us to understand the source of small-scale magnetic field and the mechanism of solar activity cycle. SDO spacecraft began to provide the data of magnetic field observation in the year 2010, when solar activities in solar cycle 24 just started; during the process of our project studying, the solar cycle 24 will experience the peak year and descent stage of solar activities. From the observational time, the data provided by SDO spacecraft cover the main period of solar cycle 24. Combined the observation of spectro-polarimeter aboard Solar-B spacecraft and high spatial resolution observation of imaging from 1-meter solar telescope in Fuxian lake, we are trying our best to obtain systematic and quantitative results in the following studies: (1) the cyclic behavior of solar small-scale activities (e.g., x-ray bright points, network bright points and so on), (2) the cyclic changing of solar small-scale magnetic field associated with small-scale activities, (3) magnetic structures and evolutional characters of solar small-scale activities. By systematically studying, we aim at understanding the magnetic properties of solar small-scale activities, and discuss the physical origin of small-scale activities; By analyzing the interaction and looking for the intrinsic connection between solar small-scale magnetic field and solar active region magnetic field, we further explore the source of small-scale magnetic field. These studies will provide observational judging and theoretical limit for future dynamo model and numerical simulation, and lay a foundation for further understanding the complete physical image and concept of solar magnetic field.

小尺度磁场太阳周行为的研究是一个研究较少、但又非常重要的前沿性的课题，该课题的解决对于了解小尺度磁场的起源以及太阳活动周机理具有重要的指导意义。SDO卫星在2010年开始磁场观测时，24周太阳活动刚刚起步，在本项目开展时期太阳24周将会经历活动峰年以及下降阶段，从时间上SDO观测基本涵盖了太阳24周的主要过程。结合Solar-B卫星的光谱偏振观测以及我国地面望远镜高空间分辨率的成像观测，本项目拟在（1）小尺度活动（x-ray亮点、网络亮点等）的太阳周行为，（2）与小尺度活动相关的小尺度磁场的太阳周变化规律，（3）小尺度活动的磁场结构和演化特征这三个方面取得系统的定量结果。分析研究太阳小尺度活动的磁场特征，探索小尺度活动现象产生的物理起因；寻找太阳小尺度磁场和活动区磁场之间的物理联系，探讨小尺度磁场的起源，为目前的发电机模型和数值模拟提供观测依据，为进一步了解太阳磁场完整的物理图像奠定基础。

小尺度磁场太阳周行为的研究是一个目前研究较少、但又非常重要的前沿性的课题，该课题的解决对于我们了解小尺度磁场的起源以及太阳活动周机理具有重要的指导意义。SDO卫星在2010年开始磁场观测时24周太阳活动刚刚起步，在本项目开展时期太阳24周将会经历活动峰年以及下降阶段，从时间上SDO观测基本涵盖了太阳24周的主要过程。结合Solar-B卫星的光谱偏振观测以及我国地面望远镜高空间分辨率的成像观测，我们取得的主要成果包括（1）我们通过对小尺度磁场的长时标分析，基本上了解了小尺度磁场的太阳周行为，证实了网络内磁场是不依赖于太阳黑子周的，支持了小尺度发电机的存在。（2）通过对各类磁活动的分析，发现小尺度环磁重联的证据，首次在色球层观测到了磁重联后新形成环的振荡，提出太阳耀斑的“阻致爆发”模型。