光电催化-沉积物微生物燃料电池耦合技术原位修复城市黑臭水体研究

The effective remediation of the black-odorous water problems has become one of the largest challenges for the development of the sustainable of urban city. Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFC) have recently been of great interest as a promising technology for the bioremediation of contaminated sediments due to their many potential benefits, but the relatively low efficiency and poor controllability severely limite its application. Moreover, few research is related to pollutants in overlying water. In this project, a novel PC-SMFC hybrid system was constructed by integrating SMFC with the photoelectrocatalytic technology (PC) for the development of biological electrochemical technology to bioremediate urban black-odorous water. In this system, the unique features of PC were used to boost the ability of SMFC for sediments remediation, and the electricity generated from the anode of the SMFC was used to stimulate the PC process for enhancing the removal rate of contaminants in overlying water. Therefore, the black-odorous water bodies and contaminated sediments can be remediated simultaneously. The persistent organic pollutants, NH3-N, and dimethyl trisulfide were selected to elucidate the performance of the PC-SMFC system. Dendritic TiO2/SS was constructed and used as an anode，and heterostructures of metal oxides coated BiVO4 on the nickel foam were designed and used as the photocathode. The effects of parameters including material design, reactor structure, were investigated and these rules were revealed. The changes of microbial community structure were uncover. The coupling mechanisms of PC and SMFC were detailedly analyzed. This project could provide scientific basis and technology choice for the development of urban black-odorous water bodies remediation technology.

消除普遍存在的河流黑臭问题是许多城市可持续发展过程中亟待解决的关键任务之一。沉积物微生物染料电池（SMFC）在沉积物修复中具有诸多优势，但是，仍存在效率低、调控难、对上覆水体关注不足等缺陷。本项目构建光电催化-沉积物微生物燃料电池(PC-SMFC)耦合技术，利用PC的优良特性强化SMFC阳极修复沉积物的性能，同时，利用SMFC阳极所产生的电子促进PC对上覆水污染物的净化，实现黑臭水体与沉积物的高效修复，探索基于微生物电化学的黑臭水体修复技术。以难降解有机物、NH3-N和二甲基三硫醚为研究对象，构筑枝状结构的TiO2/SS和异质结BiVO4/NF修饰电极分别作为阳、阴极材料，探究材料制备、反应器构造等参数对其性能的影响，阐明降解过程中功能微生物群落结构变化，揭示PC-SMFC的耦合机制。该项目的实施为城市河流黑臭的治理与修复提供科学依据和技术参考。

消除普遍存在的河流黑臭问题是许多城市可持续发展过程中亟待解决的关键任务之一。沉积型微生物燃料电池(SMFC)在沉积物原位生物修复中具有独特优势，但目前的研究工作存在效率不高，对上覆水的污染关注不足等缺陷。本项目构建了光电催化--沉积型微生物燃料电池耦合技术，利用光电催化的优良特性驱动SMFC的性能，实现阴、阳极协同降解污染物。将超细WC纳米晶体牢固地安装在Bi2WO6纳米片的表面上，形成了WC/Bi2WO6纳米复合材料，有效提高光吸收能力，加快界面电荷转移动力学，提高了电荷载流子浓度。采用原位外延生长方法制备了Bi2WO6/WO3复合材料，实现了超薄Bi2WO6纳米片和WO3纳米棒之间的紧密接触，构建了有效的异质结结构，有效的增强对可见光的吸收能力，提高了光生电子-空穴对的转移效率，延长了光生电子和空穴的寿命，从而有效的发挥了协同效应。构建光电催化-沉积型微生物燃料电池(PC-SMFC)耦合反应器。以阳极底泥中有机质和上覆水体中NH4-N为修复对象，系统地研究PC-SMFC对污染物修复性能，深入分析了PC和SMFC耦合作用的机理。结果证实PC和SMFC耦合能有效去除阴极上覆水体中氨氮和底泥中有机污染物，实现阴、阳极协同降解污染物。本项目的研究成果将有益于为城市河流的水质黑臭治理提供新的途径。