功能化铜纳米团簇/二维纳米材料荧光检测平台的构建及其在胆碱酯酶检测中的应用

Cholinesterase can regulate the level of choline in human body to maintain the normal functions. A variety of diseases, including liver dysfunctions, angiocardiopathy and Alzheimer disease can be conveniently diagnosed or predicted by assaying the cholinesterase activity. However, some inherent drawbacks, such as interferences caused by sulfhydryl compounds and relatively low sensitivity still exist in the currently reported detection methods. In this proposal, selective and sensitive cholinesterase detection methods are designed by exploring the basic principles of fluorometric assays and functionalization of nanomaterials. The methods for synthesis and functionalization of fluorescent copper nanoclusters will be systematically studied, aiming to obtain stable, specific target recognize and signal response fluorescent probes. Two-dimension nanomaterials will be introduced to fabricate fluorescent detection platforms to tune the process of target recognizing and fluorescence signal outputs, through which selective and sensitive cholinesterase assays are planned to be developed for the detection of clinical samples. The expected results of this proposal will not only build a solid foundation for the applications of functionalized copper nanoclusters and two-dimension nanomaterials in analytical chemistry, also develop new approaches for assaying cholinesterase activity, providing strong supporting for disease diagnoses and prognosis predictions.

胆碱酯酶可以对人体中胆碱的水平调控，维持正常身体机能，该类物质的临床检测对肝功能异常、心血疾病和阿尔茨海默疾病的诊断与预测具有重要意义，但目前胆碱酯酶的检测仍存在巯基类物质干扰以及灵敏度相对较低等问题。本项目以丁酰胆碱酯酶的特异性、灵敏检测为目标，拟从纳米材料功能化与荧光光谱分析化学的基本原理出发，探索铜纳米团簇功能化的原理与方法，开发结构稳定、对丁酰胆碱酯酶特异性识别与荧光响应的铜纳米团簇材料。进一步研究引入二维纳米材料构建荧光检测平台，对分析检测中目标物识别与荧光信号输出过程进行调控，最终构建丁酰胆碱酯酶特异性、灵敏检测方法，用于临床实际样品中相关物质的检测。本项目的预期成果为铜纳米团簇与二维纳米材料的功能化及其在分析化学的应用奠定坚实基础，同时能够开辟胆碱酯酶检测新技术，为相关疾病的诊断与预后预测提供支撑。

胆碱酯酶可以对人体中胆碱的表达水平调控，维持正常身体机能，该类物质的临床检测对肝功能异常、心血疾病和阿尔茨海默疾病的诊断与预测具有重要意义，但目前胆碱酯酶的检测存在巯基类物质干扰以及灵敏度相对较低等问题。荧光铜纳米团簇具有优良的光稳定性、生物相容性以及大的斯托克位移，兼具原料易得、价格低、无重金属毒性等优点。立足于胆碱酯酶检测面临的科学问题，结合铜纳米团簇优良的荧光性质，本项目开展了铜纳米团簇功能化修饰与胆碱酯酶检测研究工作，取得了系列成果。研究结果揭示了荧光铜纳米团簇合成、制备以及功能化修饰的原理与方法；阐明了功能化铜纳米团簇对胆碱酯酶特异性识别与荧光响应的基本原理，并阐明了影响识别与荧光响应效率的决定性因素；制备了碳化钛、二氧化锰纳米片等二维纳米材料，并构建了铜纳米团簇-二维纳米材料复合结构；建立了基于铜纳米团簇与二维纳米材料复合物的胆碱酯酶分析检测平台，实现了血清中胆碱酯酶的灵敏、特异性检测。通过上述研究与探索，顺利完成了项目预定研究目标。在此基础上进行了荧光硫量子点的制备、荧光性能调控及其分析检测应用研究，拓展了研究的深度与广度。本项目取得的成果开辟了新型胆碱酯酶检测方法，为相关疾病的诊断与预后预测提供支撑，同时为铜纳米团簇为代表的纳米材料功能化修饰及其在分析化学的应用奠定坚实基础。