芳香族皮革化学品白腐菌降解相互影响的QSAR研究

Retanning and dyeing effluent of the leather process contains a great lot of aromatic compounds. The existing process of synthetical wastewater treatment is inherently hard to degrade those compounds. In this subject, by determining the synthetic effciency of ligninolytic enzymes to be elicited by various aromatic compounds, a model of quantitative structure-activity relationship about influences of aromatic compounds on that white rot fungi secreting ligninolytic enzymes will be established. Furthermore, by using the kinetic model for co-substrate degradation, a reactivity parameter and the QSAR model to characterize interaction of the aromatic compounds to be degraded by the white rot fungi will be established, the aim is to explore the possibility of white rot fungi to treat the retanning and dyeing effluent, and lay the foundation for the application of white rot fungi on the treatment of tannery wastes. The results of this subject may predict the treatment effeciency of white rot fungi to the retanning and dyeing effluent, and also guide the molecular design of cleaner leather chemicals. On the other hand, the results will perfect the theory of the application of white rot fungi to treat wastewater of other industry, and improve the reactor of white rot fungi. Through the QSAR study of effect of acromatic compounds on the synthesis of ligninolytic enzymes, the effect of the matrix on white rot fungi synthesize the ligninolytic enzymes will be ascertained, and the preparation technology of the ligninolytic enzymes will be perfected.

制革复鞣染色废水中含有大量难生物降解的芳香族有机物，综合废水处理过程中对其难以发生作用。本项目通过测定不同结构芳香族化合物诱导下木素降解酶系的合成效率，建立芳香族化合物影响白腐菌合成木素降解酶系的定量构效关系（QSAR）模型；同时利用共降解动力学模型，建立芳香族皮革化学品白腐菌降解相互影响的活性参数和QSAR模型，探索白腐菌系统处理复鞣染色废水的应用潜力，为白腐菌反应器单独处理复鞣染色废水的工业应用奠定基础。本研究成果一方面可预测白腐菌反应器对复鞣染色工序废水的处理效率，也可为更环保型皮革化学品的分子设计提供理论指导，另一方面可进一步完善白腐菌应用于难降解有机物治理的理论基础，为改进白腐菌反应器在其它行业废水治理的工业应用提供理论基础。通过芳香族化合物对白腐菌木素降解酶系合成影响的QSAR研究，可确定基质对白腐菌合成各类木素降解酶的影响，为完善木素降解酶系的工业制备提供理论指导。

制革复鞣染色废水中含有大量难生物降解的芳香族有机物，综合废水处理过程中对其难以发生作用。白腐菌是自然界中存在的能够将木质素及木质素结构类似物碳化的唯一一种生物，其在染料废水处理、土壤修复等领域的应用研究已有大量的报道。本项目对白腐菌在制革废水芳香族皮革化学品处理中的应用进行了探索，研究了芳香族皮革化学品对白腐菌产木质素降解酶的影响规律以及其对染料和植物鞣剂降解相互影响规律，并通过线性回归分析建立了染料分子结构参数和染料降解率和栲胶降解率的定量构效关系模型。针对白腐菌产酶不稳定、工业应用性差等问题，进行了将白腐菌固定于海藻酸钙凝胶颗粒中降解染料的相关实验，并提出了将白腐菌和其木质素降解酶共固定化的思路。结果表明，通过固定化和共固定化后的白腐菌对染料的降解稳定性和效率明显提高，这为白腐菌应用于制革废水难降解芳香族化合物降解去除提供了思路。