服役于深海环境的谐振式压电驱动器形态创构及多场耦合

Modern deep-sea engineering put forward more harsh demands for environmental adaptability and reliability of mechanism actuators, however, traditional actuators such as motors or hydraulic systems are facing challenges of sealing, pressure compensation and reliability. This research present a class of robust resonant piezoelectric actuators with no isolating chamber and dynamic sealing, serving in deep-sea in an open and total immersion state. Numerical simulations, experiments and theoretical modeling methods are adopted to carry out scientific research on shape-modal creating, environmental adaptability, electric-pressure-temperature multi-physics fields coupling effects, energy dissipation by liquid-solid coupling and friction in deep-sea, therefore, within the boundary of deep-sea environment, the evolution of shape and modal, mechanism of structure failure, piezoelectric actuate variation by variable multi-physics field, mechanism of energy dissipation will be investigated and clarified. Mathematical model of multi-physics fields coupling and friction force transmission will be built to explore shape original creation and environmental adoption design method, and the effective inhibition means of energy dissipation will be attained. Finally, the evolvable type optical design process strategy will be concluded to realize targets of certain environmental adaptability scope, mechanical output indexes and total efficiency. These research items and the corresponding achievements will lay science foundations for resonant type piezoelectric actuator to be used in the deep-sea engineering field.

现代深海工程对机构驱动器的环境适应性和可靠性提出了非常严苛的要求，而电机、液压等传统驱动器在极端深海环境应用中面临诸如密封、压力补偿困难及可靠性低等困境和挑战。针对于此，提出了结构强壮耐压型、无隔压及动密封环节的、以开放全浸状态服役的深海谐振式压电驱动器研究方案。用数字仿真、实验及理论建模的研究方法进行驱动器形态创构、环境适应性、电场-压力-温度多场耦合特性、液固耦合能量辐射耗散及深海环境摩擦行为等科学问题的研究，探索并阐明深海环境边界下的驱动器构型-模态衍变规律、结构失效机制、变量化多场耦合下压电及驱动特性演化规律、能量辐射耗散机制等规律。建立多场耦合和摩擦力传递数学模型，探索构型初创策略及环境适应性设计方法，阐明能量辐射耗散有效抑制策略，归纳出以环境适应范围、机械输出指标及总体效率等不同侧重点为设计指向的驱动器最优设计进化型流程，为谐振式压电驱动器应用于深海工程领域奠定理论基础。

现代深海工程对机构驱动器的环境适应性和可靠性提出了非常严苛的要求，而电机、液压等传统驱动器在极端深海环境应用中面临诸如密封、压力补偿困难及可靠性低等困境和挑战。针对于此，提出了结构强壮耐压型、无隔压及动密封环节的、以开放全浸状态服役的深海谐振式压电驱动器研究方案。针对深海谐振压电驱动器，针对贴片式超声电机，设计了基于平面振动模态的深海谐振式超声电机，针对其振动模态以及振动特性，提出了一种新型的电机理论模型。针对流固耦合结构，设计了一种专门分析深海超声电机振动特性的有限元分析方法。设计了可以应用于深海超声电机实验测试的深海高压模拟系统，并对设计的深海超声电机的性能进行了测试，证明了深海超声电机的性能的可靠性以及可行性。设计了一种新型的球型结构电机，并且测试了电机的输出性能，其适合在深海超声电机领域应用。设计了一种T型超声电机结构，研究了其机体的振动特性，以及摩擦驱动模型，并验证了其准确性。设计了一种多自由度超声电机，其结构适合在深海超声电机领域应用。针对之前设计的平面振动的深海谐振式超声电机进行了改进，提出了一种结构更紧凑而且体积更小的深海超声电机。提出了适合此深海超声电机的振动理论模型和摩擦驱动模型，测试了新型的深海超声电机的输出性能。本项目发表SCI论文4篇；培养博士生1名、硕士生5名；获得授权专利10项；本项目为谐振式压电驱动器应用于深海工程领域奠定理论基础。