基于镁基复合储氢材料微纳组装及吸放氢热力学与动力学调控

The increasing energy crisis have forced us to accelerate our pace toward renewable hydrogen-energy era.The high hydrogen storage capacity (7.6 wt%), low cost, and environmental friendly properties of MgH2 make it a promising candidate to fulfill the targets of hydrogen application.China has the richest Mg storage source, which account for 22.5% in the world. Based on the advantage of storage capacity, developing advanced Mg-based high hydrogen storage materials have promising applications. However, the practical application of MgH2 is limited by its high thermal stability and sluggish sorption kinetics. Generally, nanostructure can effectively alter the thermodynamics and kinetics of matreials. Based on overview of the process in MgH2, chemical construction method and low-temperature solid method are used to realize the controllable synthesis of nano-structure Mg-based composties, which is fabricated with non-noble metalic catalysts and novel carbon based materials. This novel co-constructed Mg-based nano-materials can effectively modify the hydrogen sorption enthalpy, reduce the dehydrogenation temperature and improve the sorption kinetics of MgH2.

随着全球性能源危机的加剧，作为可再生清洁能源的氢能引起广泛关注。镁基储氢材料储氢量高（7.6wt%）、资源丰富、价格低廉，使其成为理想的储氢材料。我国镁资源丰富，总储量占世界的22.5%，居世界第一。因此充分发挥资源优势，开发新型高容量镁基储氢材料具有广阔的应用前景。但是块状Mg基材料放氢温度高，动力学差等缺点严重制约了其商业化应用的前景。基于镁基材料纳米化可有效改善材料热力学性能，调控热力学参数的研究思路，本课题拟采用化学还原法以及低温固相法实现镁基材料可控微纳化生长，与非贵金属微纳催化剂、多级孔碳材料等新型碳材料构筑组装高容量复合储氢体系。该镁基复合材料能够充分发挥多级孔碳材料优异的传质传热性能，提高氢扩散能力，有效调控吸放氢反应焓变，降低反应温度，提高吸放氢速率。

随着全球性能源危机的加剧，作为可再生清洁能源的氢能引起广泛关注。镁基储氢材料储氢量高（7.6wt%）、资源丰富、价格低廉，使其成为理想的储氢材料。但是块状Mg 基材料放氢温度高，动力学差等缺点严重制约了其商业化应用的前景。本课题采用原位固相合成法、共还原法直接制备MgH2@rGO、Mg-Fe复合储氢体系，降低MgH2吸放氢反应温度；采用水热法、溶胶法、热处理法等方法合成了TiN、Co@C、Ni@C、Ni3N@NC、Ni-CeOx@GNS等多种高效催化剂，并以固相球磨法复合MgH2，探究了催化剂催化MgH2吸放氢机理，通过调整催化剂的物相、形貌，探索催化剂对材料整体放氢动力学、热力学性能的影响规律。发表论文18篇，其中SCI摘引18篇；申请专利3项，其中2项已授权，培养研究生13名，其中8名已毕业。