云南油菜高产生境下高收获指数相关性状的QTL定位

The stability yield of some rape varieties can over 300kg under Yunnan special ecological environment, whose harvest index was far above the country's main producing areas. Some other rape varieties had good vegetative growth, but low yield and harvest index, which indicated that rape may contain high yield and high harvest index genes induced by environment. In this research, the reciprocal cross DH populations will be constructed using two homozygous inbred lines. which have the similar growth period and vegetative body, whose harvest index doubled, selected from Lincang, the Yunnan rape high yield area. Analysis of the DH population, construction of saturated genetic map and QTL mapping high harvest index related traits under favorable environment will be researched by high-throughput SNP genotyping which consists of 50,000 SNPs. Meanwhile, the relationship between yield components and harvest index will be calculated, and the main yield characters related to high harvest index will be determined under Yunnan high yield environment. Two invention patents will be applied, more than five research papers , including one to two SCI papers, will be published, and two to three postgraduates will be trained in this research.

云南特殊生态环境下，部分油菜品种能够稳定获得300公斤以上的产量，收获指数远高于全国油菜主产区，而另一部分营养生长很好的品种，其产量和收获指数却不高，说明油菜中存在生态环境诱导的高产和高收获指数基因。本项目应用在云南油菜高产区-临沧筛选出的生育期、营养体相似、收获指数高低差异近一倍的极端表现型纯合自交系各一个，构建正反交DH系群体，利用含5万个与油菜主要性状紧密关联的SNP位点的高通量SNP芯片分析该DH系群体，构建高密度的遗传连锁图谱，定位有利生态环境下高收获指数和相关产量性状的QTL;同时，计算各产量构成因素与收获指数的关系，确定云南高产环境下，高收获指数形成的主要产量性状，为云南生态环境下超高产育种提供理论和技术。本项目拟申请发明专利1-2项，发表学术论文5篇（SCI论文1-2篇）以上，培养研究生2-3人。

油菜中存在生态环境诱导的高产和高收获指数基因。本项目应用生育期和营养体相近、收获指数差异近一倍的极端表现型纯合自交系G25和H008构建了包含200份纯合株系的F1DH群体；通过在丽江和临沧两个中国早熟油菜高产生境下收获指数相关性状的表型鉴定，获得22000个基础数据，表明云南高产生境下油菜高收获指数形成与“具有较中国其他油菜产区更高的一、二次分枝的单株角果数、角粒数和千粒重”密切相关；应用甘蓝型油菜60K Illumina 芯片技术进行SNP分析，构建包含7601个SNP标记，总长3838.2cM的高密度遗传连锁图谱，结合田间表型数据进行QTL扫描，累计获得72个与收获指数相关的QTL位点，其中与收获指数直接相关的QTL有10个。为下一步云南油菜高收获指数品种选育提供了数据与技术支持。.项目研究促进了团队人才队伍建设。研发团队入选云南省技术创新团队培养对象，团队成员3人在职攻读博士学位，3人入选云南省省级人才，4人晋升高级职称。