等离子体共振能量转移的发生机制及分析新方法研究

Plasmon resonance energy transfer (PRET), using metal nanoparticles as energy donor, has great prospects in the aspects of quantitative determination and cell imaging analysis. However, the distance and spectral overlapping between donor and acceptor related occurrence mechanism of PRET has not been fully clarified, and the application space of PRET is limited and needs to be extended. Herein, in this project, metal nanoparticles scattering colorful lights will be synthesized as the energy donors, and biochemical molecules with specific absorption spectra will be screened as the energy acceptors to construct PRET systems. Using the method of dark-field light scattering imaging, the effects of the separate distance and extent of the spectral overlapping between donor and acceptor on PRET efficiency will be investigated at single nanoparticles level to clarify the distance and spectral overlapping related occurrence mechanism of PRET. Furthermore, PRET based new analytical methods will be established for highly sensitive detection of physiological disease molecules, and single nanoparticles imaging analysis of specific molecules in cells. This project, aiming to clarify the occurrence mechanism of PRET and establish PRET based new analytical methods for in vitro and in vivo analysis, has both theoretical research significance and application prospects.

以金属纳米颗粒为能量供体的等离子体共振能量转移（plasmon resonance energy transfer, PRET）技术在定量分析检测及细胞成像分析方面应用前景广阔。但与供受体间距离及光谱重叠程度等相关的PRET发生机制尚未完全阐明，且PRET的分析应用空间有限。为此，本项目拟合成多色散射光的金属纳米颗粒作为PRET的能量供体并筛选出具有特定吸收光谱的生化分子作为能量受体，建立金属纳米颗粒到生化分子的PRET体系，采用暗场光散射成像法在单纳米颗粒水平进行PRET效率与供受体间的距离、光谱重叠程度的关系研究，最终阐明与供受体间距离及光谱重叠等相关的PRET发生机制，在此基础上建立PRET分析新方法用于生理疾病分子的定量检测及细胞内特定分子的单纳米颗粒成像分析。本项目旨在阐明PRET发生机制，发展基于PRET体外及体内的分析新方法，既有理论研究意义又有应用前景。

本项目拟合成相匹配的PRET能量供受体对，在此基础上研究PRET的发生机制及分析检测新方法。项目开展过程中我们主要进行了以下三个方面的实验研究：1）合成得到了不同形态的金银纳米颗粒作为能量供体并筛选得到罗丹明、淀粉-碘复合物、聚噻吩-DNA复合物作为能量受体，利用多种手段对能量供受体进行了详细的表征；2）合成得到同时具有荧光和手性的银纳米簇，该纳米簇具有聚集诱导荧光增强的性质，我们机理做了深入的探讨并将纳米簇用于手性分子的区分；3）构建了AuNPs-RBITC 能量转移体系用于汞离子的分析检测，另外我们还构建了基于聚噻吩–DNA复合物的PRET分析检测体系。PRET是新型的能量转移模式，在定量分析检测及细胞成像分析方面应用前景广阔，值得继续深入研究。