不同类型城市碳循环特征及机理研究

Urban system is the region that is profoundly impacted by human activities on the earth, in which energy activities and carbon emission concentrated. This study on carbon cycle of urban system is helpful to understand the role of cities in the regional carbon cycle process and inevitably plays an important role in global cycle and climate change. Based on the department research, questionnaire survey and statistical model method, this study selects several typical cities including Beijing, Xiamen, Lijiang and Taiyuan to carry out an empirical analysis. Firstly, the framework of characteristics and mechanism is built based on IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Secondly, the key factors and driving mechanism are identified, and concluded the evolution law of urban carbon cycle. Finally, quantitative research and comparative analysis are carried out by different types of urban carbon cycle. This study aims at analyzing the influence relationship between the carbon cycle and different urban development pattern and in order to build typical urban carbon cycle models. It can provide a powerful scientific basis to realize the goal of decarburization development and urban sustainable development.

城市系统是地表受人类活动影响最深刻的区域，同时也是能源消耗和碳排放的集中地。城市系统碳循环研究在全球碳循环和区域碳过程中具有重要的地位和作用。本研究选取具有代表性的城市（北京、厦门、丽江、太原）作为研究对象，通过部门调研、问卷调查和统计模型方法开展实证分析。首先，结合IPCC温室气体排放清单编制方法，构建城市碳循环特征机理框架。其次，辨识我国城市碳循环过程的关键影响因素、驱动机制，总结城市碳循环过程的演变规律。最后，开展不同类型城市系统碳循环的定量研究和对比分析，揭示不同城市发展模式与碳循环之间的影响关系，从而建立典型城市碳循环模型。本研究将为实现去碳化发展目标和城市的可持续发展提供有力的科学依据。

全球碳循环研究一直受到学者的关注。人类活动是城市碳循环的重要驱动力，尤其是能源活动，这深刻地影响了城市原有的碳过程。研究选取综合发展大城市（北京），低碳试点城市（厦门），资源型工业城市（太原），旅游支柱型城市（丽江）为案例对象，开展不同类型城市系统碳循环的定量研究。从自然和人为两个方面对城市系统的碳库和碳通量指标建立城市系统的碳循环特征框架，辨析人为碳库和自然碳库的发展特征和结构变化，阐明不同类型城市碳输入和碳输出的发展变化规律，解释人类活动效应与城市碳循环特征关系，识别影响城市碳平衡的关键驱动因素，辨识当前不同城市经济与碳关联的发展阶段，分析城市碳循环压力与碳流通效率，刻画碳输出与城市功能用地类型的空间关联，可弥补过去研究仅关注自然碳循环的不足，为研究人为因素对碳循环的影响提供有益的补充，为实现城市分类可持续化碳管理对策奠定科学基础。.