西北地区相变蓄热通风复合降温技术的热工设计方法

In Northwestern China, most existing studies on building energy conservation focused on reasonable utilization of solar energy and improvement of thermal insulation performance. Few researches have been conducted on cooling technologies in summer. Phase change thermal storage and night ventilation are effective ways to reduce energy consumption of the air conditioning systems and improve the living environment. And the application effect can be further improved by the coupled cooling technology based on the high-efficient coordination of two technologies. . The project addresses cooling requirements in summer in Northwestern China, which are caused by global warming, improvement of living environment and the popularization of air-conditioning. Firstly, reduced-scale orthogonal experiments in the artificial climate chamber are conducted to investigate the integrated influences on application effect, under climate conditions with large daily temperature range in Northwestern China, indoor thermal fluctuations in typical types of buildings, design parameters of phase change thermal storage and night ventilation. Then, sensitivity analysis is employed to obtain key design parameters. Nonlinear thermo-physical properties and dynamic changing characteristics in different periods are taken into comprehensive consideration. Finally, quantitative relation between thermal design objectives and key design parameters is established with finite difference method. A case study is conducted and the design and measured values of reduced-scale experiments are compared to verify the thermal design and calculation method.. The research results can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the application of the coupled cooling technology in Northwestern China, and are of academic significance to construct design method system of building thermal and energy efficiency technologies in Northwestern China.

西北地区建筑节能一直以合理利用太阳能、提高建筑保温性能为重点，而对如何解决夏季降温问题关注较少。相变蓄热与夜间通风是降低建筑夏季空调能耗、改善人居环境的有效途径，基于二者高效协同的复合降温技术可进一步提升应用效果。. 本项目针对全球气候变暖、人居环境质量提高和空调设备普及引起的西北地区夏季降温需求，拟通过人工控制环境下的缩尺模型正交实验，获得西北地区大日较差气候、典型建筑类型室内热扰及相变蓄热、夜间通风设计参数对其蓄调效果的综合影响规律，并采用敏感性分析提炼出关键热工设计参数，通过综合考虑墙体非线性热物性参数及表面换热系数分时段动态变化特征，采用有限差分法建立热工设计目标参数和关键设计参数间的定量关系，并通过实验研究结果予以佐证。. 研究结果可为西北地区相变蓄热通风复合降温技术的应用提供理论依据及技术支撑，对健全西北地区绿色建筑热工与节能技术及设计方法体系具有重要学术意义。

西北地区建筑节能一直以合理利用太阳能、提高建筑保温性能为重点，而对如何解决夏季降温问题关注较少。相变蓄热与夜间通风是降低建筑夏季空调能耗、改善人居环境的有效途径，基于二者高效协同的复合降温技术可进一步提升应用效果。. 本项目针对全球气候变暖、人居环境质量提高和空调设备普及引起的西北地区夏季降温需求，通过人工控制环境下的缩尺模型正交实验，获得了西北地区大日较差气候、典型建筑类型室内热扰及相变蓄热、夜间通风设计参数对其蓄调效果的综合影响规律，并采用敏感性分析获得了关键热工设计参数，通过综合考虑墙体非线性热物性参数及表面换热系数分时段动态变化特征，采用有限差分法建立了热工设计目标参数和关键设计参数间的定量关系，并通过实验研究结果进行了佐证。. 研究结果为西北地区相变蓄热通风复合降温技术的应用提供理论依据及技术支撑，对健全西北地区绿色建筑热工与节能技术及设计方法体系具有重要学术意义。本项目自实施以来，共发表学术论文17篇，其中SCI检索论文10篇；授权发明专利2项，登记软件著作权4项。项目负责人依托本项目前期研究成果申请获得1项国家自然科学基金面上项目和2项国家重点研发计划合作单位课题；项目部分成果获得2019年度陕西省科学技术进步二等奖（西北地区低能耗建筑适宜性技术研发与应用、排名1）、2019年度中建集团科学技术奖一等奖（西部低能耗建筑气候设计理论方法与应用、排名4）、2019年度陕西高等学校科学技术一等奖（西北地区超低能耗建筑适宜性技术研发与应用、排名1）；项目负责人在项目执行期内被提升为副教授、教授，并被选为博士/硕士生导师，入选中国科协青年人才托举工程，项目协助培养毕业博士研究生1名、硕士研究生4名。