电活性聚合物机电耦合及能量转换的发电机理与实验研究

Dielectric electro Active polymer(DEAP) is a smart material for soft machines. They have shown broad application as actuator. Meanwhile their advantages in converting mechanical to electrical energy in a generator mode have shown considerable promise. The project developed the mathematical model of DEAP generator based on theory of dielectric elastomers, revealed electromechanical coupling law and energy conversion mechanism during the giant voltage-induced deformation. 1)With the continuum mechanics and molecular pictures, the relationship are studied among electric potential,stress-strain,electromechanical instability,failure Modes,Allowable States Region during the giant deformation. Then the mean is explored to achieve the giant voltage-induced deformation. 2) DEAP transducers of realistic configurations are simulated by the finite element method,then the different models for energy harvesting are achieved with the constant field. The factors are analyzed how to affect energy conversion efficiency. Optimization methods are developed to improve the efficiency of electromechanical energy. 3)Through the experiment on the DEAP generator and distinguishing the input-output power characteristics, those are designed a new type of hybrid energy storage system and a low-power self-priming circuit.4)The prototype has been build up with silicone DEAP for the generator to study stress-strain, frequency, drove voltage how to affect energy conversion efficiency. The application is put forward based on the wave DEAP generator.

电活性聚合物是柔性机械的智能制造材料，在智能驱动和清洁能源发电领域具有较大的应用前景。项目拟建立电活性聚合物发电机数学模型，揭示电活性聚合物电致大变形过程中的机电耦合模式及能量转换机理：1)应用连续介质力学与分子理论，研究电活性聚合物在大变形过程中电势感应、应力应变、力电失稳、失效模式及许用状态域之间函数关系，探索实现电活性聚合物电致大变形的方法；2)利用有限元方法进行电活性聚合物转换器仿真研究，研究稳态电场中转换器的能量收集模型，分析其转换效率的影响因素，研究提高能量转换效率的优化方法；3)通过电活性聚合物发电实验，在掌握输入-输出的电特性的基础上，尝试混合储能系统及实现方法，研制电活性聚合物发电的低功耗自启动电路；4)以硅树脂电活性聚合物材料搭建发电实验平台，研究硅树脂电活性聚合物材料的应力应变、机械能频率、激励电压等因素对能量转换效率的影响，提出电活性聚合物海洋能发电的应用研究方案。

电活性聚合物是清洁能源发电的新型智能材料。本项目首先通过分析电活性聚合物材料性能及力学性能模型，厘清了电活性聚合物激励电压、机械力、预拉伸与变形率之间的参数关系，采用Mooney-Rivlin模型揭示其电致大变形过程中的机电耦合及能量转换机理。通过分析电势感应、应力应变、力电失稳、失效模式及许用状态域之间函数关系，构建电活性聚合物在大变形过程中有效工作范围。其次研究稳态电场中电活性聚合物的能量收集模型，提出了恒电压、恒电场、恒电荷的能量收集模型，仿真研究分析了应变(拉伸量在10mm-30mm之间)、激励电压(300V-2000V)、充放电电流对转换效率的影响，研究提高能量转换效率的优化方法，对比分析了三种能量收集模型，仿真结果表明恒电荷能量收集模式转换效率最高；接着，构建超级电容-蓄电池的混合储能系统及控制方法；最后，以硅树脂电活性聚合物材料搭建风能发电实验平台，在实验平台上开展了不同激励电压、不同行程(即不同应变)、不同频率下，完全放电和不完全放电的恒电荷收集能量实验研究。. 课题组培养了一名校级学术骨干。根据研究内容及实验结果在国内外期刊发表论文3篇，待发表EI论文1篇(已录用)；EI收录1篇，授权实用新型专利1项。