矢量椭圆空心光束的产生、传播与角动量及其应用研究

Main research contents are included as follows:New methods to generate vectorial elliptic and Mathieu hollow beams with a radial, an azimuthal or an arbitrary polarization are proposed, and the generation, propagation and foccusing peoperties of the above elliptic hollow beams are studied both theoretically and experimentally, and the physical mechanisms to form an intrger or fractional angular momentum and the relationship between the vectorial elliptic hollow beams and polarization states or phase distribution and analyzed. In addition, we will investigate some applications of vectorial elliptic or Mathieu hollow beams and their angular momentum in the focusing and imaging experiments (atomic and molecular lens)of cold atomic and molecular beams,laser guide of cold atoms and molecules, and some polarization and angular-momentum manipulations, including some reearches of molecular motor, new effects and phenomena of laser arrangments and orientation of cold molecules, and then develop a new method to describe and theoretically calculate vectorial elliptic and Mathieu hollow beams and their propagation and focusing properties as well as optical angular momentum, and understand the relationship between optical angular momentum of vectorial elliptic hollow beams and polarization state, phase distribution or Poynting vector, beam twist, finally we will provide a new technical means to develop some atomic and molecular lenses with a high resolution, and finish a new academic book on "Generation of hollow laser beams and their applications".

主要研究内容：提出径向、弧向偏振椭圆空心光束、任意偏振椭圆空心光束和无衍射矢量Mathieu空心光束等产生的新方法，开展上述矢量椭圆空心光束的产生、传播与聚焦特性的理论与实验研究，并分析上述各种矢量椭圆空心光束的整数或分数角动量的形成机制及其与偏振特性或位相分布间的关系。此外，开展矢量椭圆空心光束及其分数角动量在冷原子束或冷分子束激光聚焦成像、超冷原子、冷分子激光导引、偏振态与角动量操控中的应用研究，包括超冷分子马达和冷分子激光排列取向新效应、新现象的研究，从而发展一种描述矢量椭圆空心光束的新方法及其传播、聚焦特性与角动量的理论计算方法,搞清楚矢量椭圆空心光束角动量与偏振特性、位相分布或Poynting矢量、光束Twist间的关系，可望为研制新颖的高分辨原子透镜、分子透镜提供新的技术手段，完成一部《空心光束的产生及其应用》的学术专著。

根据本项目的研究计划，我们首先新建了一套采用空间光调制器产生矢量椭圆空心光束、研究其传播特性和角动量的实验系统。开展了矢量圆形空心光束、矢量方向空心光束和矢量椭圆空心光束的产生、传播特性与角动量的理论与实验研究，并开展了矢量空心光束在原子分子光学中的应用研究，取得了一些重要的创新性研究成果，增加了局域空心光束在化学稳定分子系综的强度梯度冷却中的应用研究，超额完成了各项研究任务，达到了预期研究成果。本项目执行4年来，我们在国内外重要学术刊物诸如Sci.Rep., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Phys. Rev. A, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, J. Phys. B, Opt. Commun.等发表学术论文45篇，其中发表SCI论文42篇，约占90%；此外，在本项目执行期间：印建平教授获上海市领军人才培养基金项目资助（2013-2016）；培养硕士研究生11人，毕业7人；培养博士研究生5人，毕业4人；资助博士后研究1人，出站1人；2014年获得教育部自然科学二等奖1项。