铜陵矿集区褐铁矿资源纳米矿物学研究

An abundance of limonite, composed of goethite with a size of nanoscale, was found in Tongling area. It processes potential application perspective as a kind of novel nano-mineral material. This project plan to reveal the composition (minerals, major element, and trace element), crystal morphology, aggragation shape, and the characteristic of interparticle porosity of limonites of different geneses by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, XRF, ICP-MS based on the geological survey and sampling; to investigate the crystal chemical characteristic of (Al, Zn, Mn, etc)-substituted goethite in limonite using chemical analysis, ESR, XPS, HRTEM; to study the internal relationship between the characteristics, such as surface chemistry, thermal decomposition, thermal reduction phase change and derivative products, and the isomorphous substitution of goethites combing with the characterization of TPR-H2, TPD-NH3, TG and IR. These results can favor the recognition of the formation process, mechanism and feature of limonite nanomineral resource in Tongling area from a view of nanoscale and the establishment of diagnostic lable from mineralogy and geochemistry for different geneses. Moreover, this study can still provide theoretic base for the preparation of nano-structured material based on the limonite nanomineral resource and its application in the field of mineral environmental engineering.

铜陵地区赋存丰富的褐铁矿资源，主要由纳米针铁矿组成，其作为新型纳米矿物材料具有很大的潜在应用前景。本项目拟在野外地质调查和系统样品采集基础上，通过XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、XRF、ICP-MS、XRF分析，揭示铜陵地区若干不同成因褐铁矿的矿物、主量元素、微量元素组成，以及晶体形貌、集合体形态、针铁矿粒间空隙结构特征；通过化学物相分析、顺磁共振、XPS、高分辨电镜等研究不同类型褐铁矿中铝、锌、锰赋存状态及在针铁矿中类质同像置换的晶体化学特征；结合TPR-H2、TPD-NH3、TG、IR分析结果，研究不同成因褐铁矿中针铁矿类质同象替代与其表面化学性质、热分解脱水特性、热还原相变特性、衍生产物结构特性的内在联系。从纳米尺度认识铜陵地区褐铁矿纳米矿物资源形成过程、机制和特性，并建立其成因类型的矿物学和地球化学判别标志。为铜陵褐铁矿在纳米结构化材料制备及其在矿物环工程材料领域的应用奠定理论基础。

查明了铜陵地区褐铁矿前驱体菱铁矿、热液黄铁矿、沉积胶状黄铁矿、热变质(或热液成因)镜铁矿矿体的地质特征；褐铁矿及前驱体相关矿石的矿物组成、主量元素组成、微量元素组成和特征矿物，查明了褐铁矿中特征矿物、微量元素与前驱体的继承关系，建立了褐铁矿成因矿物学和地球化学标志。揭示了不同成因褐铁矿中针铁矿晶体形貌特征、晶体化学特征，矿石微结构特征、孔结构、孔隙率。阐明了针铁矿与前驱体矿物的界面关系、针铁矿形成过程；褐铁矿中针铁矿、锰氧化物、粘土矿物界面关系和复合关系；查明了不同成因褐铁矿中针铁矿的表面化学性质、热分解脱水特性、热还原相变特性、衍生产物结构特性，铝、锰等类质同像置换及硅的吸附对针铁矿界面性质的影响。提出了纳米矿物资源的概念，深化了对褐铁矿纳米矿物资源特性和价值的认识，形成一系列专利技术，推动了纳米矿物资源的开发。已经在国际SCI刊物发表论文17篇，在国内中文核心刊物发表学术论文12篇，申请发明专利9项，已获得授权发明专利6项。同时，支撑了10名硕、博研究生培养。本项目组出国、出境参加国际学术会议2人次，参加国内举办的国际学术会议4人次，带领课题组成员及研究生参加各类全国性学术交流会议，进行了广泛的学术交流与合作研究。