采场卸荷岩体的能量演化及损伤特性研究

This project mainly discusses the mining process that the internal energy of unloading rock mass aggregates and turns to balance, which aims at studying the energy evolution and damage performance of unloading rock mass in stope.The project is based on the theory of energy principle,fracture mechanics and acoustic emission technology. By researching the potential energy of unloading rock mass face to the air space,action mode and calculation method, and the energy flow-time density,energy transferring way and energy consumption regularity under the joint action of position potential energy and secondary stress field, as well as the fissure's development and evolution in unloading rock mass,fracture energy dissipation and the time-dependency of rock mass stability, it can obtain the permissible exposed area of unloading rock mass and the energy evolution law of the mining rock mass with time, then summarize experimental results, select suitable parameters as evaluation index for the stability of unloading rock mass and the lithology quantitative parameters of mining method design.The project will enrich the research on unloading rock's unloading test which based on energy principle, providing theoretical basis to understand the instability essence of unloading rock in deep mining. In addition, the project's results can be used to guide that how to cleft rock under induction by making use of energy reasonably, how to change the mining method and reduce the blasting explosive consumption in mining as well as how to select supporting method for slope reasonably.

本项目紧密围绕采矿是卸荷岩体内部能量聚积与平衡这一过程展开，旨在探讨采场卸荷岩体能量演化与损伤特性。项目以能量原理、断裂力学、声发射等理论和手段，通过研究采场卸荷岩体临空面位置势能大小、作用方式与计算方法，研究卸荷岩体在位置势能和次生应力场共同作用下的能流时空密度、能量转移方式与耗能规律，研究采场卸荷岩体内部裂隙的发展与演变、裂隙耗能大小与岩体稳定的时效性等，获得采场卸荷岩体可允许暴露面积与采场开采岩体稳定随时间的能量演化规律，总结试验结果，选取合适参数作为卸载岩体稳定性的评价指标，也及采矿方法设计的岩性定量参数。本项目完善了卸荷岩体基于能量原理的卸载试验研究，为深入认识采矿过程中卸荷岩体失稳的本质提供了理论依据，为合理利用能量实现岩体诱导致裂，改变采矿方法、减少采矿爆破炸药消耗、提供合理的采场支护方法提供理论指导。

采矿是卸荷岩体内部能量聚积与平衡的过程，本项目重点分析了卸荷岩 体的能量演化规律与损伤特性。以能量原理、断裂力学、声发射等理论和手段，通过研究采 场卸荷岩体临空面位置势能大小、作用方式与计算方法，研究卸荷岩体在位置势能和次生 应力场共同作用下的能流时空密度、能量转移方式与耗能规律，研究采场卸荷岩体内部裂 隙的发展与演变、裂隙耗能大小与岩体稳定的时效性等，获得采场卸荷岩体可允许暴露面 积与采场开采岩体稳定随时间的能量演化规律，总结试验结果，选取合适参数作为卸载岩 体稳定性的评价指标，也及采矿方法设计的岩性定量参数。本项目完善了卸荷岩体基于能 量原理的卸载试验研究，为深入认识采矿过程中卸荷岩体失稳的本质提供了理论依据，为 合理利用能量实现岩体诱导致裂，改变采矿方法、减少采矿爆破炸药消耗、提供合理的采 场支护方法提供理论指导。项目研究期间共发表论文30多篇，授权发明专利12项，培养博士和硕士12人，达到了预期目标。