多粘类芽孢杆菌OS1中新型肽类次生代谢产物的抑菌和防病机制

Crop diseases caused by various plant pathogens affect crop yield and lead to huge economic losses on a global scale. The application of chemical pesticides can reduce the occurrence of crop diseases, but their residues deteriorate soil health dramatically. Due to the advantage of inhibiting plant pathogens and protecting the environment simultaneously, it is crucial for agricultural sustainability development to use biocontrol strategy. In our previous studies, we found that Paenibacillus polymyxa OS1 has a wide range of antimicrobial activities against different plant pathogens. A gene cluster encoding a novel peptide-type secondary metabolite was discovered through genome mining approach. In this project, we will unravel the responding mechanisms of OS1 to different plant pathogens, via comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Meanwhile, we will use CRISPR/Cas9 system to mutate the novel peptide-type gene cluster to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of the targeted metabolite. Finally, we will investigate the effectiveness of wild type and mutant of the novel peptide-type secondary metabolite on plants under pathogen infection conditions. Our research project will provide an important scientific ground for crop diseases protection and to improve soil health.

植物病原菌引发的作物病害严重影响了作物生产，在全球范围内造成巨大经济损失。喷施化学药剂可以降低作物病害的发生，但其残留物严重降低了土壤质量。生物防治具有抑制病害的同时保护环境的优势，对于保障农业可持续性发展至关重要。项目组前期发现多粘类芽孢杆菌OS1具有抑制植物病原菌功能。对OS1基因组序列研究发现，其具有一个新型肽类次生代谢产物基因簇。本项目以不同植物病原菌作为拮抗对象，对不同拮抗条件下的OS1野生型转录组与代谢组进行比较分析，揭示OS1的新型肽类次生代谢产物对不同病原菌的应答机制。同时拟用CRISPR/Cas9系统构建该基因簇突变体，揭示其生物合成途径。最后，通过比较新型肽类次生代谢产物野生型和突变体对植物感病的防护效果揭示其防病机制。本项目研究将为有效防治植物病原菌引起的作物病害机制研究和改善土壤健康提供重要科学理论依据。

植物病原菌引发的作物病害严重影响了作物生产，在全球范围内造成巨大经济损失。喷施化学药剂可以降低作物病害的发生，但其残留物严重降低了土壤质量。生物防治具有抑制病害的同时保护环境的优势，对于保障农业可持续性发展至关重要。本项目以实验室分离保存的多粘类芽孢杆菌OS1为材料，研究其抑制植物病原菌的功能和机理。对OS1基因组序列研究发现，其具有新型肽类次生代谢产物合成基因簇。以不同病原菌作为拮抗对象，对不同拮抗条件下的OS1菌株转录与代谢水平进行比较分析，揭示了OS1的新型肽类次生代谢产物对不同病原菌的应答机制。此外，本项目还进一步探索了根系分泌物激发多粘类芽孢杆菌OS1拮抗植物病原菌的功能。本研究将为有效防治植物病原菌引起的作物病害机制研究和改善土壤健康提供重要科学理论依据。