基于生物燃料电池的可视化自供能传感体系的构建

The use of fossil fuels in recent years has accelerated and this triggers a global energy crisis and environmental issues. Under such circumstance, biofuel cells (BFCs) based new power sources have attracted much attention due to their high energy conversion efficiency, abundant source supplies, environmental friendly properties and mild operational conditions. This project aims to construct BFCs based visual “self-powered” system, which explores new functions while takes advantage of new energy. First of all, excellent and stable BFCs would be achieved and could be combined with electrochromic device to construct self-powered electrochromic system with excellent reversibility and stability. The laws governing the combinational process will be discussed in detail. Then, an integrated self-powered fluorescence switch system based on BFCs could be obtained with the aid of fluorophores. The tuning of fluorescence would be accompanied with the electricity-generation process. Most importantly, by introducing specific effective matters, visual and recoverable biosensors could be finally developed based on the self-powered electrochromic or fluorescence switch system. Moreover, these sensors would be applied to detect real samples. This project would not only provide theoretical and experimental understandings of constructing multi-functional and sustainable self-powered system, but also initiate cross-disciplinary innovations of related fields such as biology, chemistry and energy.

化石燃料消耗的急剧增长及其燃烧对于环境的污染是当今社会面临的严峻问题。在这种背景下，基于生物燃料电池的新能源体系由于能量转化效率高、操作条件温和、原料广泛、环境友好等特点而受到广泛关注。本项目致力于将生物燃料电池应用在可视化的“自供能”体系的构建上，在发展新能源的同时开发体系的新功能。首先，在得到稳定高效的生物燃料电池的同时，根据生物燃料电池自身的特点与电致变色体系结合，深入探讨体系复合的规律并构筑可逆性好，稳定性高的自供能电致变色体系；其次，将自供能电致变色体系与荧光结合构筑可逆的自我供电的荧光开关，在产电的同时实现对复合体系荧光的调控；最后也是最重要的，通过引入对该自供能体系有影响的物质，获得可视化和可恢复的自供能传感，并用于实际样品的检测。本项目工作不仅为构建多功能、可持续性的自供能体系提供理论和实验依据，而且将带动生物、化学及能源等相关领域的交叉创新。

能源与环境是人类生存和发展的基础，在为数众多的新能源研究中，生物燃料电池由于具有高的能量转化效率；操作条件温和；维护成本低；原料来源广泛等优点而备受关注。在课题研究过程中，我们利用铂钯双金属纳米线促进微生物电子传递，但不单单拘泥于利用纳米材料促进生物燃料电池的产电，同时还利用微藻在光照的条件下生成氧气提高阴极受限的氧浓度，从多方面改进来构筑高效的生物燃料电池体系。其次利用不同原理拓宽了可视化传感体系的检测方法，将MOFs组装于静电纺丝纳米纤维上实现对过氧化氢的可视化检测；合成了基于静电纺丝纳米纤维的氮掺杂碳量子点荧光材料并将其用于铜离子的检测；利用基因改造的绿脓杆菌实现水体毒性的可视化检测。最后构建可视化自供能传感体系的过程中，扩展了生物燃料电池的检测原理和检测范围，提出基于呼吸抑制作用的检测原理从而实现对麻醉剂、安眠药等药物的自供能检测。本课题的研究结果能够为构建多功能、便携式的自供能电子器件提供基础。